chest Flashcards
adventitious sounds
abnormal lung sounds
high pitched, discrete sounds heard during the end of inspiration; not cleared by cough
fine crackles
lower, more moist sound heard during mid-stage of inspiration; not cleared by cough
medium crackles
loud, bubbly noise heard during inspiration; not cleared by cough
coarse crackles
loud, low coarse sounds heard continuously during breathing; may be cleared by cough
rhonchi
musical noise sounding like a squeak, most often heard continuously during breathing but louder at expiration
wheeze
dry rubbing, creaking, or grating sound caused by pleural space inflammation. loudest over lower anterolateral surface
pleural friction rub
loud, high pitched gasp during inspiration
stridor
listening to tactile fremitus with stethoscope
vocal resonance
increased intensity and clarity of sounds heard over bronchus
bronchophony
spoken “ee”
egophony
whispered words should sound faint and indistinct in normal lung
whispered pectoriloquy
asthma exam findings
decreased fremitus; hyperresonant, low diaphragm; prolonged expiration, wheezes, decreased lung sounds
emphysema exam findings
decreased fremitus, liver displaced downward; hyperresonance; decreased vocal fremitus, decreased heart and lung sounds, may hear adventitious sounds
chronic bronchitis exam findings
often normal; often normal, resonance; early crackles, rhonchi, expiratory wheezes, prolonged breath sounds
pneumonia exam findings
increased tactile fremitus with consolidation; dullness to percussion; crackles, rhonchi, bronchial breath sounds
pulmonary embolism exam findings
usually normal palpation, percussion and inspection
pulmonary edema exam findings
normal palpation and percussion; early crackles, wheezes
pneumothorax exam findings
diminished tactile fremitus, subQ crepitus; hyperresonant; diminished breath sounds and whispered voice sounds
pleural effusion exam findings
decreased tactile fremitus; dull to flatness, hyperresonant note in area superior to effusion; diminished breath sounds, crackles superior to effusion
atelectasis exam findings
decreased tactile fremitus; dullness; absent breath sounds
ARDS exam findings
palpation and percussion often normal; crackles and decreased lung sounds late
tympanic sound
loud intensity, high pitch, moderate duration, drumlike quality. gastric bubble
hyperresonant
very loud intensity, low pitch, long duration, boomlike quality. emphysematous lung
resonant
loud intensity, low pitch, long duration, hollow quality. healthy lung tissue
dull
soft to moderate intensity, moderate to high pitch, moderate duration, thudlike quality. over liver
flat
soft intensity, high pitch, short duration, very dull quality. over muscle
