skin Flashcards
epidermis
outermost layer, protective barrier against external factors, stratified squamous
hypodermis
layer of fat & connective tissue that insulates body, stores energy, anchors skin to underlying structures, and consists of adipose & loose connective tissuehyp
dermis
middle layer, structural support, houses blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, sweat glands, consists of connective tissue, blood vessels, and sensory receptors
nerves
senses & transmits info about tactile sensations, temp, and pain, allowing response
blood vessels
carry o2 and co2 to and from epidermis
sebaceous gland
produce & secrete sebum (oil lubricating skin & hair) to prevent dehydration
sweat gland
regulate body temp by producing sweat, excretes waste products, & maintain skin moisture
hair follicle
producing & anchoring individual hairs (help w/ insulation, protection, & sensory perception)
arrector pili
contract & raise hair follicles (goosebumps), aid in thermo regulation & emotional responses
dermal papillae
enhance connection between dermis & epi
keratin
epidermis; water proofing, protection to skin (tough, impenetrable barrier)
collagin
dermis; tensile strength & structural support to skin
elastin
dermis; skin’s elasticity & resilience
melanin
epidermis; absorb & scatter UV rays, protecting skin & DNA from damage by darkening skin
1st degree burn damage
epidermis
1st degree burn side effects
skin is red & painful, no blisters w/ mild swelling & tenderness
1st degree burn causes
brief sunburn, hot surfaces, mild scalds
1st degree burn impact
may cause discomfort & temporary damage, rarely any effects on rest of body
2nd degree burn damage
epidermis & upper dermis
2nd degree burn side effects
skin is red, blistered, swollen, and often painful
2nd degree burn causes
exposure to hot objects, scalding liquids, prolonged sun exposure
2nd degree burn impact
inc infection risk (bc of damage to skin barrier), may lead to scarring, effecting skin appearance & overall health
3rd degree burn damage
all layers severely damaged or destroyed
3rd degree burn side effects
skin looks charred (white, brown, or black), dry, leathery or nonresponsive to touch, no sensation bc of nerve damage
3rd degree burn causes
prolonged exposure to flames, extremely hot liquids, chemicals, electric currents
3rd degree burn impact
extensive scarring, loss of skin functions, inc risk of infections, can cause systemic complications (leading to life threatening injuries)
4th degree burn damage
all layers are damaged, extending deep into underlying bone & muscle
4th degree burn side effects
skin looks charred/blackened, may be entirely destroyed in burned area
4th degree burn causes
severe thermal injuries, prolonged exposure to flames, scalding liquid, electric current, chemicals
4th degree burn impact
infection, loss of function, extensive scarring (often requiring surgical intervention)
