bone

Question 1

long bone

Answer 1

shaft, 2 ends, longer than wide, movement & structure

Question 2

shaft bone

Answer 2

shaped like cube, mostly spongy bone, stability to wrist/ankle, & some movements

Question 3

flat bone

Answer 3

layer of spongy bone between 2 thin compact bone layers, protects internal organs

Question 4

irrecular

Answer 4

very in shape/size & have varying functions

Question 5

spongy bone

Answer 5

balances compact bone by making bones lighter

Question 6

epiphysial line

Answer 6

where growth of long bones happens

Question 7

medullary cavity

Answer 7

hollow part of bone containing bone marrow

Question 8

periosteym

Answer 8

membrane of blood (and other) vessels that surround bone, delivers blood & gives sense of feeling

Question 9

compact bone

Answer 9

hard, dense layer of bones throughout the body, gives strength & protection to bones

Question 10

yellow bone marrow

Answer 10

produces cartilage, fat, and bone, aid in adipose fat storage

Question 11

red bone marrow

Answer 11

hematopoietic, stem cells that produce blood cells, found in flat bones like sternum & pelvic girdle

Question 12

nutrient artery

Answer 12

part of periosteum, vessel providing blood & nutrients to bone

Question 13

endosteum

Answer 13

layer after periosteum, membrane lining the inner surface of bony wall, helps bone grow, repair, and remodle

Question 14

cartilage

Answer 14

surrounds ends of bone & cushions the space in joints where bones touch to protect them

Question 15

comminuted fracture

Answer 15

shatters into multiple pieces

Question 16

depression

Answer 16

break in cranial bone w/ depression of bone towards skull

Question 17

compression

Answer 17

fracture/break in vertebrae (osteoporesis)

Question 18

transverse

Answer 18

broken perpendicular to length

Question 19

oblique

Answer 19

bone broken @ an angle, complete break

Question 20

spiral

Answer 20

bone broken in twisted motion leading to fracture wrapping around bone

Question 21

greenstick

Answer 21

only part of bone broken, other side uninterrupted

Question 22

pathological

Answer 22

broken bc of underlying disease

Question 23

open fracture

Answer 23

bone broken through skin

Question 24

closed fracture

Answer 24

bone broken, skin intact

Question 25

osteoblasts

Answer 25

form new bone tissue

Question 26

osteoclasts

Answer 26

break down old bone tissue

Question 27

1. hematoma formation

Answer 27

after fracture, blood vessels break & form clot @ injury site, triggering inflammation

Question 28

2. fibrocartilage callus formation

Answer 28

body uses fibrous tissue & cartilage to bridge gap between broken bone ends. osteoblasts & clasts start turning fibrocartilage into bone

Question 29

3. bony callus forming

Answer 29

body uses collagen & calcium phosphate to create a hard, bony structure to reinforce fracture side. osteoblasts help turn fibrous tissue into stronger bony callus

Question 30

4. bone remodeling

Answer 30

body uses osteoblasts & clasts to modify @ refine newly formed bone tissue. osteoblasts deposit minerals onto bone surface & clasts reabsorb excess materials

Question 31

if blood calcium levels rise, __ is called

Answer 31

calcitonin (thyroid gland)

Question 32

if blood calcium levels are low, __ is called

Answer 32

PTH (parathyroid gland)