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3RD BIOLOGY > SKIN > Flashcards

SKIN Flashcards

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1
Q

stratified squamous epithelium - can prevent loss of water.

A

Dehydration

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2
Q

protects us from entry of pathogens by keeping the skin healthy or unbroken.

A

Microbes

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3
Q

disease causing microbes

A

Pathogens

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4
Q

study of diseases.

A

Pathology

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5
Q

Healthy unbroken skin is always our (blank) of defense to prevent the entry of pathogens

A

First line

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6
Q

Sensory receptors detect heat, cold, touch, pressure, pain:

A

Sensation

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7
Q

are “NERVES” that recieves info and deliver to brain.

A

Sensory receptors

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8
Q

needed in calcium homeostasis.

A

Vit. D production

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9
Q

INFO

A

Sun don’t provides vit. D but rather UV rays only.

  • Sun activates vit. D, calcium then will be absorbed easily which makes bones stronger.
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10
Q

FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

A

-protection
-UV
-sensation
-Microbes
-temperature regulation
-excretion

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11
Q

amount of blood flow and activity of sweat glands.

A

Temperature Regulation

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12
Q

Normal Temperature

A

37°c

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13
Q

Freezing point

A

0°c

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14
Q

(prevents blood from escaping to keep you warm from the surface.)

A

Colds

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15
Q

escapes to normalize body temperature / body heat from the surface:

A

Hot

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16
Q

INFO

A

Normal blush- low temperature
Rush of blood - cold

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17
Q

release waste products and through gland secretion.

A

Excretion

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18
Q

Eliminate

A

Excretion

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19
Q

Produce

A

Secretion

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20
Q

2 MAJOR TISSUE LAYERS OF THE SKIM

A

-EPIDERMIS
-DERMIS

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21
Q

layer of stratified squamous epithelium

  • Prevents water loss (microbes, UV Rays).

-resist abrasion

  • Keratinization.

-Forms strata/layers-5layers
(thinner layer made of 5 layers. Stratum singular)

  • responsible for protection

AVASCULAR (without blood vessels)

A

Epidermis

22
Q

deepest

A

S. Basale

23
Q

Most superficial

A

S. Corneum

24
Q

layer of dense connective tissue w/ fibroblast, fat cells, macrophages.

  • Collagen and elastic fibers are responsible for most of the structural strength.

-Cleavage or tension lines.

  • dermal papillae
    -“TRUE SKIN”( thicker layer)
    -has to do with the major functions.
  • nerve endings located
    -with blood vessels
A

Dermis

25
Q

extensions of the dermis up towards the epidermis.

  • to supply blood & oxygen into the epidermis. -form of fingerprint Ithumbs that makes you unique.
A

Dermal papillae

26
Q

It is protein process
keratin becomes deposited into cytoplasm.
Cells begin to harden provides extra protection subjected to the surfaces, hard parts of the body, friction.

A

Keratinization

27
Q

(huge WBC that engulf foreign bodies)/ Phagocytize for bacterias.

big cell eating

A

Macrophages

28
Q

Below the skin, not part of skin; subcutaneous tissues.
LOW SKIN

A

Hypodermis

29
Q

pigment that gives human color; responsible for the color of the skin, hair, eyes.
shade of brown to black

A

MELANIN

30
Q

What leads to skin variations when there’s only one pigment?

A

the amount of melanin produced in the skin.

-lesser the amount of melanin- Lighter skin
-greater the amount of melanin- Black skin

31
Q

(green) that has red insides. - Cell produced melanin

A

Melanocyte —> (green) that has red insides. - Cell produced melanin
nucleus (violet (purple)
nucleolus (dark)

32
Q

red inside melanocytes.
- (Phagocytosis)tiny sacs carries pigment (melanin) formed by membranes of Golgi body apparatus, now it is …
-Stored Melanin

A

Melanosomes

33
Q

genetic condition prevents production of melanin.
- recessive genetic trait.
ex. Redford white

A

Albinism

34
Q

•How can epidermis protects us from UV rays?

A

Melanocytes that produce melanin.
Melanin- shields us from UV rays

35
Q

effect of hormones;

  • may show darker areas of skin parts; aumpit, neck
A

CAUSE SKIN VARIATIONS

36
Q

outgrow / derivative of our skin.

• found in all parts of the skin except lips, palms, soles of feet, nipples, some parts of genitalia.

A

HAIR

37
Q

where each hair arises from - begins from the epidermis deepen to (envaginate) dermis.
envagination into dermis.

A

Hair follicle

38
Q

below the skin

A

Hair Root

39
Q

visible above the skin (arise from the skin)

A

Hair Shaft

40
Q

base of the hair root / expanded base of the hair root.

A

Hair Bulb

41
Q

INSIDE THE HAIR THERE ARE DIFFERENT LAYERS:

A

Cortex
Medulla
Cuticle

42
Q

outer layer; Harder layer of the hair.

A

Cortex

43
Q

softer center.

A

MEDULLA

44
Q
  • outer wrapped by a (blank)
  • covering the entire hair made up of single layer of cells that covers the
    cortex.
A

Cuticle

45
Q

1.)Hair Produced from

↓
rest on the hair papilla
↓
2.)extension of the dermis.

A

HAIR BULB
HAIR PAPILLAE

46
Q

hair is formed from the epithelial cells of the hair bulb.
-Cells are actually keratinized.
- Grows longer due to accumulation of more dead cells / keratinized at the hair bulb pushing up the columns of the hair.

A

Growth Stage

47
Q
  • hair doesn’t lengthen long duration of time/period, stays that way (eyelash, eyebrows) -than hair— longer growing period, more length. (hair).
A

Rest stage

48
Q
  • simple contubular that produce THICK secretion.
  • rich in organic substance release during the time especially during puberty. Active in puberty found in armpit, genetalia.
    -secretion is usually odorless : Bacteria acts on it (Body odor)
A

APOCRINE SWEATGLANDS

49
Q

-release sweat by the glands
- found almost all parts of the skin palm, sole, dapa-dapa)
-Produce WATERY secretion which evaporates and cools the body.
-helps in regulating body temperature

A

MEROCRINE SWEATGLANDS)

50
Q

Closely associated with the hair follicle.

A

SEBACEOUS GLAND

51
Q

needed to be released to the hair to soften & nourish.

A

Sebum Oil

52
Q

MEMORIZE ANATOMY OF NAIL

A

-free edge(cut/nautod)
- nail body put nail polish)
-Lunula of crescent-while-shape)
- Eponychium (cuticle) - skin after lunula (cuts using nipper)
-nail root (where the nail grows from)
- nail is attached to the underlying NAIL BED

3RD BIOLOGY (3 decks)

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