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skim first aid Flashcards

1
Q

IgA protease bacteria

A

SHiN: S pneumo, H influ Type B, Nesisseria

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2
Q

Type III secretion system bacteria

A

Psuedomonas, shigella, salmonella, e coli

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3
Q

Protein A, M protein

A

Protein A is Staph (prevent opsonization and phagocytosis by binding Fc region of IgG), M protein is GAS (helps prevent phagocytosis, cause of rheumatic fever)

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4
Q

Colon cancer subacute endocarditis/bactermia bacteria

A

S. Bovis

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5
Q

Bacteria polypeptide capsule

A

(D- glutamate capsule), B anthrax

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6
Q

Alpha Toxin bacteria

A

C perfringens (it is a lecithinase, phospholiapse) that give gas gangrene properites

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7
Q

C Diff Toxins

A

Toxin A: enterotoxin; brush broder, alter fluids

Toxin B: Cytotoxin, disrupts acitn polymerization and cyotksleton (causes pseudomembrane)

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8
Q

Rocket tails and actin polymerization

A

Listeria (tx with ampicillin)

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9
Q

Nocardia properties

A

Aerobe, acid fast, found in soil, causes pulm infections or cutaneous infections ni immunocomp; can spread to CNS. Tx with TMP-SMX

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10
Q

Cord Factor bacteria and sulfatides

A

Mycobacter; esp in vvirulent TB strains. Activates macrophages, induce release of TNF alpha.

sulfatides inhibit phagolysosomal fusion

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11
Q

tx for tuberculoid leprosy vs leprometous form, immune response differences

A

lepromatous: tx with dapsone, rifampin and CLOFAZAMINE. Mostly a humoral Th2 response with low cell mediatedi mmunity
Tuberculoid:: few hairless skin plaques; high cell mediated immunity, mostly Th1 tx with dapsone and rifampin only

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12
Q

What is Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome

A

complication of N. Gonnorhea where it expands to the peritoneum I believe

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13
Q

Dosing time H influ B vaccine, tx

A

2-18 months, tx amox/clav for mucosal, ceftriaxone for meningitis and systemic, rifampin for close contacts

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14
Q

Rapid dx of legionella

A

urine antigen

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15
Q

Strain of E coli for invasive diarrhea?

A

EIEC

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16
Q

Feature (bresides HUS) for EHEC to distinc from other e coli

A

Does not ferment sorbitol

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17
Q

What is in vaccine for S Typhi, disease casued

A

capsule polysaccharide

typhoid fever: rose spots on abdomen, constipation, abdominal pain, fever, can be hornic carrier in gall bladder

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18
Q

cause of psuedoappendicitis

A

yersine enterocolitica (ram negative, pet feces, contam pork/milk)

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19
Q

H Pylori tx

A

amox (or metron if penicillin allergy), Clarithromyicn, PPI

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20
Q

Spirochetes

A

Borrellia, leptospira, treponema

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21
Q

Leptospira interrogans

A

spirochete, hook shaped guys, Weil disesase: jaundice and azotemia from liver, kidney dysfunc, feve,r hemorrhage

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22
Q

Sx congenital syphilis

A

rhagades (linear scars at angle of mouth), mulberry mollars, saber shins, CNVII deafness, snuffles (nasal discharge), saddle nose. Treat mom asap to prevent

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23
Q

cause of Jarish-Herxheimer

A

killing syphilis->flu like syndrome due to increased LPS and cytokines frmo lysed cells

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24
Q

chlamydia A-C, D-K L1 and L2 L3 differences

A

ABC is the blidnes sand follic conjunctiivits in africa
D-K is your STD and PID guy (also neonatal pnemonia with eosinophilia), neonatal conjunc (1-2 weeks after birth later than n gonn, get in birth ganal0
L1,L2,L# is thesmall painless ulcers on genitals->swollen painfl lymph nodes
tx with doxy

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25
Q

key test and agar for M pneumonia

A 
cold aggltinoaton (IgM)
Eaton agar
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26
Q

Captains wheel fungi

A

paracoccidiomycosis (altin america, very large)

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27
Q

cause of oncomycosi

A

tinea unguinum

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28
Q

cause of tinea versiciolor

A

malessia spp (spaghetti and meatballs apperance on microscopy). Degrade lipids->make acids-> damage melanocytes.

Tx selenium sulfide

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29
Q

pseudohyphae 20c, germ tube at 37

A

candida

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30
Q

septate hyphae at 45 degree angle

A

aspergillus

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31
Q

narrow budding, heavily encapsulated, not dimorphic

A

cryptococcus

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32
Q

irregular, broad, nonseptate, WIDE angles

A

mucor and rhizopus

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33
Q

cigar shaped yeast

A

sporothrix schneckii (rose garden guy)

34
Q

oocysts on acid fast stain

A

crytosporidium (aids diarrhea)

tx nitazoxanide

35
Q

trophozoites iwth engulfed RBCs

A 
entomeba histolitica (amebesis, liverv abscess anchovy paste guy)
tx metron
36
Q

multinucleated trophozoites or cysts in stool

A

giardia

tx metron

37
Q

amoebas in spinal fluid

A

naeglergia fowleri

38
Q

trypomastogote in blood smear

A

teste fly; trypanosoma brucei; african sleeping sicnkess

tryp cruzi as well

39
Q

trophozoite ring within RBC; schizont containg merozites, red granules (schnuffer stipping) in RBC cytoplasm

A

P vivax, falci, malariae

40
Q

fever cycles, hypnozite prsence for malaria

A

p vivax/ovale: tertian, 48 hour, tertian, add primaquine (has hypnozite, check for G6PD first)
p malariae 72 hour (quat)
p falciparum (irregular)

41
Q

malteses cross blood smear

A

babesia (tx atovaquone and azithro)

42
Q

tx for tryp cruzi

A

benznidazole, nifurtimox

43
Q

macrophages containing amastogotes, tx

A

leishmani donovani, sanfly mediated, tx with ampho b and stibugluconate

44
Q

trich vag dx

A

wet mount (strawberry cervix)

45
Q

anal pin worms

A

enterobius vermicularis

46
Q

rhabiditform larvae seen in feces under microscope

A

asstronglyoides stercoralis; can mimic peptic ulcer

47
Q

parasite: periorbital edema, fever, vomiting, nausea, myalgia

A

trichinella spiralis (underocoked meat esp pork)

48
Q

parasite causing rectal prolapse in kids

A

trichuris trichiura (whipworm)

49
Q

parasite causing myocarditis, can affect cns liver and eyes too

A

toxocara canis tx bendazole

50
Q

river blindness and tx

A

onchocerca volvulusi; female blackfly transmission, skin changes, loss of elastic fibers, river blindness

tx ivermectin

51
Q

worm in eye, swelling in skin

A

loa loa

tx diethylcarbamazine

52
Q

elephanitis, invasion of lymph nodes and lymph edema

A

wuchereria bancrofti (tx diethylcarbamazine)

53
Q

cysticercociss, neurocystirecosi and tx

A

taenia solium, tx with prizquantel

54
Q

vit b12 from parasite (why)

A

tapeworm competes for b12—praziquantel

55
Q

Eggshell calcifications and liver, concerning complication

A

Echinococcus granulosus (anaphylaxis when removing, give something to prevnet) tx with bendazole

56
Q

lateral spine parasite, HSM

A

S mansoni tx prazi

57
Q

egg with terminal spine, can cause squamous cell carcinoma of bladder, pulm htn

A

s haematobium tx with praziquantel

58
Q

pigmented gallstones, assoc with cholangiocarcinoma parasite

A

clonorchis sinesis tx with praziquantel

59
Q

cause of scabies, where they burrow, tx

A

Sarcoptes scabei; burrow into strat]um corneum, serpingous burrows in webspace of hands and feet
tx permethrin cream, washing/drying all clothing/bedding, treat close contacts

60
Q

cause of headlice and body lice

A

blood sucking lice, pediculus humanus/phthirus pubis; treat with pyrethroids, malathion, ivermectin lotin, nit combing

61
Q

only single stranded dna virus

A

parvovirus

62
Q

dna virus that doesnt replicate in nucleus

A

pox virus (has own dna dependent rna polymerase), also is the only non icosahedral is cmoplex

63
Q

rna virus that doesnt replicate in cytoplasm

A

orthomyxovivrus

64
Q

dna viruses with circular genomes

A

papilloma, polyoma (circular, supercoiled), hep b is circular incomplete

65
Q

name DNA viruses

A 
HHAPPPPy
hepadna
herpes
adeno
pox
parvo
pappillo
polyoma
66
Q

naked viruses

A

give PAPPrna viruses smears and CPR to a naked hippie
dna = PAPP, papillomavirus, adneovirus, parvovirus, polyomavirus
rna = CPR Calcivirus, Picorna virus reovirus
last one is herpes virus (heppe)

67
Q

only ds rna virus

68
Q

rna viruses

A

I went to a retro (retrovirus) toga (togavirus) party, where I drank flavored (Flavivirus) Corona (coronavirus) and ate hippie (hepevirus) california (calicivirus) pickles (picornavirus)

69
Q

Hep D needing the Hep B envelope protein to infect is an example of?

A

Complementation (nonmutated virus complements mutated virus by making a functional protein that serves both viruses)

70
Q

polyoma virus sx

A

JC Virus and BK virus (immunocomp PML in HIV for JC, BK is kidney transplant patients)

71
Q

what disease results in a rash if you give them amoxicillin or ampicillin

A

EBV (HHV4)

72
Q

receptor used by CMV

A

integrins (heparan sulfate)

73
Q

receptor used by EBV

A

CD21 (on B cells)

74
Q

receptor used by HIV

A

CD4, CXCR4, CCR5

75
Q

receptor used by Parvovirus B19

A

P antigen on RBCs

76
Q

receptor used by rhinovirus

77
Q

segmented viruses

A

BOAR (Bunya, Ortho, Arena, Reo)

78
Q

Negative stranded viruses

A

Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication

Arenavirus, Bunya virus, paramyxoviru, orthomyxovirus, filovirus, rhabdovirus

79
Q

Palivizumab

A

monoclonal antibody against F protein that prevents RSV pneumonia

80
Q

linear ulcers on endoscopy, apperance on histology

A

CMV; intranuclear (owl eye) inclusion bodies

81
Q

vaginal ph of three vaginitis

A 
bact vaginosis (garden), trich vag, both over 4.5 (trich is also motile, bat is clue cells)
candida is normal (4.0-4.5), tx with azoles

Anatomy Step1 Buzzwords (11 decks)

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