skills lab Flashcards
ACP-C
comfort care
no CPR
control symptoms and improve quality of life; allows patient to enjoy what time they have left
ACP-M
medical care
no CPR
provide interventions to treat acute conditions
ACP-R
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
provide CPR
do whatever interventions are necessary to maintain life
prn
as needed
od
once daily
bid
2x daily
tid
3x daily
qid
4x daily
kg to lbs
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
metric system
G * * M * * h k da B d c m * * mc * * n
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing or chewing
phases of swallowing
oral phase
pharyngeal phase
esophageal phase (peristalsis)
10 rights of safe medication administration
patient medication dose route time/frequency
reason education evaluation documentation to refuse
3 checks during medication administration
1: in medication room; compare MAR to physicians order
2: before bringing meds to patient; compare label, MAR, bottles
3: in patient’s room; compare MAR and label
chain of infection
infectious agent reservoir portal of exit mode of transmission portal of entry susceptible host
modes of transmission
droplet contact (direct or indirect) vector vehicle airborne
droplet transmission
large particles from coughing, sneezing, etc.
travel <2m
airborne transmission
small particles from coughing, sneezing, etc.
air suspension allows particles to move >2m
direct contact
skin to skin contact between susceptible host and reservoir
indirect contact
between susceptible host and intermediate object that is infected
vehicle transmission
one infected source (water, food, IV fluid, etc.) infects multiple people
vector transmission
pest or insect transmits disease to human
cleaning
REMOVES microbes but does not kill them
disinfection
kills all microbes except endospores
sterilization
kills ALL microbes
critical items
equipment that is inserted into the tissue or vascular system
-scalpels, needles, catheters
semicritical items
equipment that comes into contact with non-intact skin or with mucous membranes, but do not penetrate
-thermometer, specula, endoscope
noncritical items
come into contact with intact skin, but not mucous membranes
-stethoscope, cuff, linen, cutlery
how to eliminate the chain of infection
eliminate reservoir, mode of entry, mode of exit, control transmission, protect susceptible hosts
routine practices
applied to all patients regardless of diagnosis
PPE and hand hygiene
applied when nurse is likely to come into contact with
-non intact skin or mucous membranes
-bodily fluid (not sweat)
-blood
isolation precautions
for patients diagnosed with a transmissible disease followed IN ADDITION to routine practice 3 types -airborne -contact -droplet
droplet precautions
private room or cohort
door closed unless patient is more than 2m from door
mask when within 2m of patient
airborne precautions
private room with negative airflow
N95 mask worn when in room
door closed
contact precautions
private room or cohort door can be open clean or discard any used equipment/PPE before exit limit patient movement outside PPE upon entry (gloves, gown)
contact precautions
private room or cohort door can be open clean or discard any used equipment/PPE before exit limit patient movement outside PPE upon entry (gloves, gown)
reverse isolation
protecting the patient from us
organ transplant patients, cancer patients, other immunocompromised patients
