Skill Characteristics/Transfer/Practice - KEY DEFINITIONS

Question 1

Define Skill.

Answer 1

The learned ability to bring about predetermined results with the minimum outlay of time, energy or both.

Question 2

Define Open Skill.

Answer 2

A skill performed in an unpredictable environment.

Question 3

Define Closed Skill.

Answer 3

A skill performed in a predictable environment.

Question 4

Define Gross Skill.

Answer 4

A skill that uses large muscle groups.

Question 5

Define Fine Skill.

Answer 5

A skill that uses small muscle groups.

Question 6

Define Self-Paced Skill.

Answer 6

When the performer controls the start and the speed of the skill.

Question 7

Define Externally Paced Skill.

Answer 7

When the performer has no control over the start and the speed of the skill.

Question 8

Define Discrete Skill.

Answer 8

A skill that has a clear beginning and end.

Question 9

Define Serial Skill.

Answer 9

A skill that contains several discrete skills in order to make a more integrated movement.

Question 10

Define Continuous Skill.

Answer 10

A skill that has no clear beginning or end, and often the end of one part or subroutine is the start of another.

Question 11

Define Low Organised Skill.

Answer 11

A skill that is easily broken into parts.

Question 12

Define High Organised Skill.

Answer 12

A skill that is not easily broken down into parts.

Question 13

Define Simple Skill.

Answer 13

A skill that requires few decisions when being performed.

Question 14

Define Complex Skill.

Answer 14

A skill that requires decision making using lots of information when performed.

Question 15

Define Transfer.

Answer 15

The effect of the learning of one skill on the learning of another.

Question 16

Define Positive Transfer.

Answer 16

When the learning of one skill helps the learning of another.

Question 17

Define Negative Transfer.

Answer 17

When the learning of one skill hinders the learning of another.

Question 18

Define Zero Transfer.

Answer 18

When the learning of one skill has no impact of the learning of another.

Question 19

Define Bilateral Transfer.

Answer 19

When the learning of one skill is passed across the body from limb to limb.

Question 20

Define Whole Practice.

Answer 20

Practising the skill in its entirety.

Question 21

Define Whole-part-whole Practice.

Answer 21

Assessing the skill, identify a weakness to practise, then putting the skill back together.

Question 22

Define Progressive part Practice.

Answer 22

Practising the first part of the skill then adding parts gradually. (Sometimes called Chaining).

Question 23

Define Chaining.

Answer 23

Linking the subroutines, or parts of a task, together in order when practising.
The first two parts are learned, then the third part is added; that part is learned and then the fourth part is added and so on.

Question 24

Define Massed Practice.

Answer 24

No rest intervals.

Question 25

Define Distributed Practice.

Answer 25

Rest intervals.

Question 26

Define Varied Practice.

Answer 26

Changing the practice type and the practice drills.

Question 27

Define Mental Practice.

Answer 27

Going over the skill in the mind without physical movement.