Skill aquisition

Question 1

Ways of classifying a skill?

Answer 1

Gross, fine, open, closed, self paced, externally paced, basic, complex, discrete, continuous, serial, low organisational, high organisational

Question 2

Characteristics of skill?

Answer 2

Coordinated, controlled, good technique, aesthetic, learned, consistent, predetermined, efficient

Question 3

Definition of a skill?

Answer 3

A learned ability to bring about predetermined results which maximum certainty and minimum outlay of time or energy or both

Question 4

What are the 3 categories of a skill?

Answer 4

Cognitive, perceptual, motor

Question 5

What is a cognitive skill?

Answer 5

Involves primarily the brain- reading/ analysing a problem

Question 6

What is a perceptual skill?

Answer 6

How an individual interprets a stimuli- correct interpretation improves performance

Question 7

What is a motor skill?

Answer 7

Involves physical movement eg catching, throwing, running

Question 8

What is a gross skill?

Answer 8

Something using large muscle groups usually linked with strength, endurance and power - weightlifting/ javelin

Question 9

What is a fine skill?

Answer 9

Using small delicate muscle movements usually associated with speed accuracy and efficiency - darts/ snooker

Question 10

What environmental influence can occur during sports?

Answer 10

Opponents, team mates, weather, crowd, surface, equipment

Question 11

What is a closed skill?

Answer 11

Takes place in a stable, predictable environment where critical information doesn’t change - diving/ floor routine

Question 12

What is an open skill?

Answer 12

Where the environment changes the decisions made by the athlete requiring adaptation and good perceptual skill- sailing/ pass in hockey

Question 13

What is a discrete skill?

Answer 13

Has a clear beginning and end and is performed alone without linkage - shot put/ weightlifting

Question 14

What is a serial skill?

Answer 14

Contains a number of discrete skills that can be broken down or linked together- high jump

Question 15

What is a continuous skill?

Answer 15

Contains no subroutines, lasts as long as the performer wishes

Question 16

What are the four form of guidance?

Answer 16

Verbal, visual, manual, mechanical

Question 17

What is visual guidance?

Answer 17

Usually a demonstration done by an coach of superior athlete to be copied by the athlete

Question 18

Disadvantages of visual guidance?

Answer 18

Incorrect demo leading to bad habits, coach unable, unclear/ to quick

Question 19

What is verbal guidance?

Answer 19

A clear verbal explanation of what to do or what to correct

Question 20

Disadvantages of verbal guidance?

Answer 20

May be an overload, inaccurate, beginners may not understand

Question 21

What is manual guidance?

Answer 21

Use of physical support or placing limbs in correct positions for safety

Question 22

Disadvantages of manual guidance?

Answer 22

Restrictive, false sense of kinaesthetic, need high level coach

Question 23

What is mechanical guidance?

Answer 23

Using a mechanical aid to learn more dangerous skills or to aid confidence

Question 24

Disadvantages of mechanical guidance?

Answer 24

Can be overused, can cause over reliance on it, can’t learn from mistakes