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A-level PE > Skill Aquesition > Flashcards

Skill Aquesition Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three stages of learning?

A

Cognitive
Associate
Autonomous

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2
Q

briefly what is the cognitive learning stage?

A

A beginner with a high level of error and a lack of fluidity

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3
Q

What does an associative performer show, briefly?

A

Still some error, but minimal. A bit more fluidity.

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4
Q

Briefly, what is the autonomous learning stage?

A

An elite performer, no error, effortless and kinaesthetic

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5
Q

Name at least 4 features of the cognitive learning stage.

A 
Creates a mental picture
Needs demonstrations and verbal guidance
Selective attention
Short concise info and commands
Trial and error
External feedback
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6
Q

What is selective attention?

A

Guidance on important cues to focus on.

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7
Q

What is the success rate of a cognitive performer?

A

20-30%

2-3
—
10

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8
Q

Name at least 4 features of the associative learning stage.

A 
The longest phase
Begins to eliminate mistakes
Forms motor programmes
Learns and masters the fundamentals
Coordinates sub routines
Can use internal kinaesthetic feedback
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9
Q

What is the success rate of an associative performer?

A

50-70% 5-7
—
10

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10
Q

Name at least 4 features of the autonomous stage of learning?

A 
Habitual
No conscious thought
Focus on subtle cues and tactics
Motor programme stored in the LTM
Kinaesthetic internal feedback
Minimal improvements
Can think ahead of the skill
Aesthetically pleasing
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11
Q

What is the success rate of an autonomous performer?

A

90%

9
—
10

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12
Q

What are 6 types of feedback?

A 
Positive
Negative
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Knowledge of performance
Knowledge of results
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13
Q

What causes intrinsic feedback?

A

Signals from proprioreceptors.

Kinaesthesis

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14
Q

3 advantages of intrinsic feedback?

A

Immediacy
Doesn’t rely on others
Accurate in the autonomous stage

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15
Q

3 disadvantages of intrinsic feedback?

A

Inaccurate for cognitive learners
Individual differences
Cannot interpret from sensory system

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16
Q

Where does extrinsic feedback come from?

A

External sources

Teammates/coaches

17
Q

Why must extrinsic feedback be used with care?

A

If the performer relays heavily on it, it can effect motivation levels

18
Q

3 advantages of extrinsic feedback?

A

Essential for cognitive learners
Provides knowledge from an outside source
Results in big improvements

19
Q

3 disadvantages of extrinsic feedback?

A

If inaccurate it can lead to a negative result
If unreliable motivation can drop
Doesn’t encourage kinesthesis

20
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

When the information rewards the performer through praise.

Often extrinsic

21
Q

3 advantages of extrinsic feedback?

A

Positive reinforcement strengthens the SR bond.
Provides motivation for cognitive learners.
Boosts self esteem.

22
Q

2 disadvantages of positive feedback?

A

If undeserved can build a false SR bond.

Some performers don’t respond to praise.

23
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

Criticism, focussing on the poor aspects of performance.

24
Q

3 advantages of negative feedback?

A 
Provides motivation (to remove it)
Gives aspects to improve
Suited to autonomous learners.
25
Q

2 disadvantages of negative feedback?

A

Lowers self esteem

Some performers take criticism badly.

26
Q

What is knowledge of results feedback?

A

Seeing an end result

Extrinsic

27
Q

2 advantages of knowledge of results?

A

Provides motivation

Strengthens the SR bond.

28
Q

What is knowledge of performance?

A

Feedback of a movement pattern

External

29
Q

2 advantages of knowledge of performance?

A

Provides kinesthesis

Good for autonomous learners

30
Q

4 things effective feedback includes?

A

Limited info
Immediacy
Specific to individual
Facilitates kinesthesis

A-level PE (4 decks)

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