skill and ability Flashcards
4 key points to a skill
- is learned from natural abilities
- are improved through practice
- able to produce the same actioned time after time
- is carried out efficiently taking little time or effort
what is a skill
a learned ability to bring about predetermined results with maximum certainty often with the minimum outlay of time or energy or both
what are the characteristics of a skill (ACE FACE)
aesthetically pleasing
consistent
efficient
fluent
accurate
controlled
economical
what is the definition of an ability
it is an inherited action or behavior that contributes to a skill
2 types of ability
psycho-motor abilities
gross- motor abilities
what is a psycho-motor ability
involve information processing and decision making in order to carry out a particular movement (eg reaction time, limb co ordination)
what is a gross-motor ability
innate characteristics which allow movements to occur (eg strength, coordination, balance)
what is limb coordination
ability to coordinate the movement of a number of limbs simultaneously
what is control precision
ability tp make highly controlled and precise muscular adjustments where large muscles groups are involved
what is response orientation
ability to select rapidly where a response should be made as the choice reaction time situation
what is reaction time
ability to respond rapidly to a stimulus when it appears
what is speed of arm movement
ability to make a gross rapid arm movement
what is manual dexterity
ability to make skillful well directed arm movements when manipulating objects under speed conditions
what is rate control
ability to change speed and direction of response with precise timings (follow a moving target)
what is finger dexterity
ability to perform skillful controlled manipulations of tiny objects involving mainly the fingers
what is arm hand steadiness
ability to make precise arm hand positioning movements where strength and speed are minimally involved
what is wrist finger speed
ability to move the wrist and fingers rapidly
what is aiming
ability to aim precisely at a small object in space
what is static strength
maximum force exerted against an external object
what is dynamic strength
muscular endurance in exerting a force repeatedly
what is explosive strength power
ability to mobilize energy effectively for bursts of muscular effort
what is trunk core strength
strength pf trunk muscles
what is extent flexibility
ability to flex or stretch the trunk and back muscles
what is dynamic flexibility
ability to make repeated rapid trunk flexing movements
what is gross body coordination
ability to maintain balance without visual cues
what is stamina/ aerobic endurance
the capacity to sustain maximum effort requiring cardiovascular effort
what is a continuous skill
have no obvious beginning or end, the end of one cycle becoming the beginning of the next
what is a discrete skill
defined start and end point and is one shot sharp action
what is a serial skill
consists of several discrete skills linked together
what is a self paced skill
the pacing of the action is decided by the performer
what is an externally paced skill
the pacing of the skill is decided by something or someone external
what is an open skill
a skill which is affected by the environment conditioned and performed in an unpredictable environment
what is a closed skill
a pre learned pattern which can be followed with little reference to the environment
what is a gross skill
uses large muscle groups and are not very precise
what is a fine skill
uses small muscle groups and is very precise
what is a high organisation skill
a skill that is not easily broken down into its parts
what is a low organisation skill
a skill that can easily be broken down into parts
what is a simple skill
a skill that requires few decisions when being performed
what is a complex skill
a skill that requires decision making and using lots of information when being performed
