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Biology Science - Sec 3 > Skeleton and bone quiz > Flashcards

Skeleton and bone quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

How many bones are there in the human body

A

206

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2
Q

What 3 major areas are bones separated into?

A
  • Head
  • Trunk
  • Upper and lower limbs
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3
Q

What are the two differnt types of bones found in the head

A
  1. Cranial
  2. Facial
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4
Q

What are the cranial bones? Joined by + Function

A
  • Joined by sutures
  • Encase and protect the encephalon, its fluids, and membranes.
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5
Q

What are sutures?

A

immouveble joint lines that define the cranial bones (they only fuse together around 2 years of age)

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6
Q

What are facial bones?

A
  • Give the face its shape.
  • Supports the sense organs (eyes, nose, ear and mouth)
  • Provides passageways for the sensory and motor nerves
  • The mandible (only mobile bone in head) allows us to chew food.
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7
Q

What are the two types of bones associated with the bones of the trunk

A

Rib bones and vertebral column

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8
Q

What are the different type of 12 rib bones?

A
  • 7 pairs of true ribs: connected to the sternum by cartilage
  • 3 pairs of false ribs: connected to true ribs by cartilage
  • 2 pairs of floating ribs: not connected in the front
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9
Q

What are the different types of the 33 veretbrea column bones?

A
  • 24 articulated
  • 9 fused
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10
Q

What are the articulated vertebrae sperated by?

A

intervertebral discs

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11
Q

What is the function of the rib cage?

A

Protects heart and lungs from impact or injury

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12
Q

What are the intercostal muscles responsible for?

A

Inhaling and exhaling

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13
Q

What is the function of the vertebral column?

A

Surrounds and protects the spinal cord

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14
Q

How are the arms connected to the trunk?

A

Pectoral girdle (clavicle & scapula)

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15
Q

What are the bones of the arm?

A

Humerus, radius, ulna

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16
Q

What are the bones of the hand?

A

Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

17
Q

What is prehension?

A

The ability to manipulate objects

18
Q

How are the legs connected to the trunk?

A

Pelvic girdle (iliac bones)

19
Q

What are the bones of the leg?

A

Femur, patella, tibia, fibula

20
Q

What are the bones of the foot?

A

Tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

21
Q

What is spongy bone?

A

A light, low density bone with spaces between the plates and bars of bone

22
Q

What is compact bone?

A

Dense outer layer of bone

23
Q

What are bones made of?

A

Calcium and phosphorous

24
Q

What are bones covered by?

A

Periosteum - the outer covering of bone which is highly vascularized, supplying blood to the bone tissue and allowing bone growth and repair.

25
Q

What are long bones?

A

Bones that are longer than they are wide, function as levers moved by bones.

26
Q

What is yellow bone marrow?

A

It is composed of fat, and stem cells that can become cartilage, fat or bone. It is also an energy reserve

26
Q

What are examples of long bones?

A

humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula

26
Q

What is the epiphysis of a long bone?

A

The rounded end of a long bone, red bone marrow is found.

26
Q

What is red bone marrow?

A

Contains stem cells, where RBC, WBC and platelts can be formed

27
Q

What are short bones?

A
  • Mostly made of spongy bone with a thin outer layer of compact bone.
  • Cubic shape
  • Found in tarsals and carpels, that allow for greater movement
27
Q

What is the diaphysis of a long bone?

A

The long shaft of a long bone, yellow bone marrow is found here.

27
Q

What is yellow bone marrow?

A

It is composed of fat, and stem cells that can become cartilage, fat or bone. It is also an energy reserve

28
Q

What are examples of short bones?

A

carpals and tarsals

29
Q

What are flat bones?

A

a thin layer of spongy bone is sandwiched between two layers of compact bone

30
Q

What are examples of flat bones?

A

cranial, sternum, scapula, ribs

31
Q

What are examples of irregular bones?

A

vertebrae, facial bones, pelvic bones

32
Q

What are irregular bones?

A

Bones that are not long, short or flat, and that may protect or support

33
Q

What are sesamoid bones?

A

Siamese seed bone that form in tendons as a way to support the pressure exerted.

34
Q

What are examples of sesamoid bones?

A

patellae

Biology Science - Sec 3 (5 decks)

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