Skeleton Flashcards
What is the axial skeleton?
Skull - cranium and face Hyoid Auditory ossicles Vertebral column Thorax - ribs and sternum.
What are the 5 main functions of the skeleton?
Locomotion
Gives shape to the body - determines height, width etc.
Support to the body - stabilises the internal organs
Gives protection to vital organs
Stores blood marrow for production of blood cells
What is the appendicular skeleton?
Pectoral (shoulder) girdles: clavicle and scapula
Upper limbs: humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Pelvic girdle: innominate bone
Lower limbs: femur, fibula, tibia, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
What are long bones?
Bone that has a greater length than width. Consists of a shaft and a variable number of extremities (ends).
Give all long bones
Clavicle Humerus Radius Ulna Metacarpals Phalanges Femur Tibia Fibula Metatarsals
What is a short bone?
A bone that is somewhat cube-shaped and nearly equal in length and width.
Give all short bones
Lunate Scaphoid Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate Triquetral Talus Calcaneus Navicular Cuboid Cuneiforms
What is a flat bone?
Bone that is generally thin.
Compose of two nearly-parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone.
Give all flat bones
Scapula
Sternum
Ribs
Cranial bones
What is an irregular bone?
A bone that has a complex shape and cannot be placed into other bone categories
Give all irregular bones
Vertebrae Innominate (hip bone) Sacrum Coccyx Facial bones Auditory ossicles Hyoid bone
What is a sesamoid bone?
Small bones usually found in tendons
Give all sesamoid bones
Patella
Pisiform bone
