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Semester 6 study notes > Skeletal test 1 > Flashcards

Skeletal test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

An anterior dislocation of the humeral head would be demonstrated on a scapular Y shoulder image by:

a.lateral displacement of the humerus
b.the humeral head demonstrated inferior to the coracoid process
c.the humeral head demonstrated inferior to the acromion process
d.posterior displacement of the humerus

A

b.the humeral head demonstrated inferior to the coracoid process

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2
Q

What is the recommended breathing instructions for the patient when performing this exam?

a.suspend at the end of inspiration
b.suspend at the end of expiration
c.suspend after the second inspiration
d.suspend, hold breath

A

b.suspend at the end of expiration

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3
Q

For an AP ankle image, which joint space should be demonstrated?

a.Tibiotalar joint space
b.Ankle mortise
c.Fibulartalar joint space
d.Tibiofibular joint space

A

a.Tibiotalar joint space

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4
Q

or an examination of the upper anterior ribs, the projection is _____________ and respiration is suspended after ______________.

a.PA, full exhalation
b.AP, full exhalation
c.PA, full inhalation
d.AP, full inhalation

A

c.PA, full inhalation

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5
Q

What should be done to prevent the knee joint space from being obscured by the magnified shadow of the medial femoral condyle when the lateral projection of the knee is performed?

a.Increase the SID
b.Direct the central ray 5 to 7 degrees cephalad
c.Use foam wedges to support the leg
d.Direct the CR perpendicular when the ASIS to tabletop dimension is between 18 to 25 cm

A

b.Direct the central ray 5 to 7 degrees cephalad

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6
Q

Upon acquisition of this lateral lower leg image, what should the MRT do next?

a.Repeat the image, rotate the leg anteriorly
b.Send the image to PACS
c.Repeat the image increasing dorsiflexion
d.Repeat the image, rotate the leg posteriorly

A

d.Repeat the image, rotate the leg posteriorly

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7
Q

Which of the following positioning error was made with this medial oblique rotation image?

a.Knee is under rotated
b.Knee is not flexed
c.Central ray is not angled cephalad
d.Knee is over rotated

A

a.Knee is under rotated

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8
Q

A fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement of the distal fragment is termed:

a.Barton’s
b.Smith’s
c.Colles’
d.Bennett’s

A

c.Colles’

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9
Q

The respiration phase when imaging the upper ribs is:

a.suspended inspiration after full inspiration
b.suspended respiration
c.suspended inspiration after full expiration
d.shallow breathing

A

a.suspended inspiration after full inspiration

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10
Q

The image below demonstrates:

a.anterior rotation to the left side
b.severe scoliosis resulting in a poor image
c.anterior rotation to the right side
d.the image is within acceptable rotation limits

A

c.anterior rotation to the right side

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11
Q

Which positioning maneuver would best improve this image if repeated?

a.Have patient take in a deeper breath on second full inspiration
b.Slightly rotate patient’s left side away from IR until MCP is parallel.
c.Slightly rotate patient’s right side away from IR until MCP is parallel.
d.Image is good. No need to repeat.

A

c.Slightly rotate patient’s right side away from IR until MCP is parallel.

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12
Q

How is the central ray projected for this axiolateral hip image?

a.Horizontal perpendicular to the femoral neck
b.Vertical perpendicular to the femoral neck
c.Horizontal perpendicular to the acetabulum
d.Vertical parallel to the femoral neck

A

a.Horizontal perpendicular to the femoral neck

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13
Q

What positioning error has occurred with this oblique lumbar spine image?

a.The intervertebral disk spaces are not open
b.The patient is over rotated
c.The intervertebral foramina are not visible
d.The patient is under rotated

A

b.The patient is over rotated

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14
Q

A patient has an order for a PA and left lateral chest. The radiologist suspects there may be a left sided pneumothorax. What other image would help demonstrate this pathology?

a.left lateral decubitus position
b.ventral decubitus image
c.dorsal decubitus image
d.right lateral decubitus position

A

d.right lateral decubitus position

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15
Q

A patient with a possible basilar skull fracture enters the emergency room. The physician wants a projection to demonstrate a possible sphenoid sinus effusion. Which projection of the cranium is best for this situation?

a.an AP axial (Towne) skull x-ray with a 37 degree caudal angle
b.a horizontal beam (cross table) lateral skull x-ray
c.a right lateral skull x-ray
d.a submentovertical skull x-ray

A

b.a horizontal beam (cross table) lateral skull x-ray

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16
Q

The skull image below demonstrates which of the following positioning errors:

a.the patient’s head is rotated toward the IR
b.the patient’s head is rotated away from the IR
c.the top of the patient’s head is tilted toward the IR
d.the top of the patient’s head is tilted away from the IR

A

d.the top of the patient’s head is tilted away from the IR

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17
Q

What should the MRT do for the repeat image?

a.Expose with the CR angled 5 to 8 degrees caudad
b.Expose with the CR perpendicular
c.Expose with the CR angled 8 to 10 degrees cephalad
d.Expose with the CR angled 10 to 15 degrees caudad

A

a.Expose with the CR angled 5 to 8 degrees caudad

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18
Q

Does this image meet diagnostic evaluation criteria?

a.Yes, opposite side of the mandible not overlapping affected mandible.
b.No, opposite side of the mandible is overlapping affected mandible.
c.No, cervical spine is superimposing area of interest.
d.Yes, cervical spine is not superimposing area of interest.

A

b.No, opposite side of the mandible is overlapping affected mandible.

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19
Q

Which of the following should be demonstrated with this projection?

a.Obturator foramen in profile
b.Femoral shaft in profile
c.Lessor trochanter in profile posteriorly
d.Greater trochanter in profile inferiorly

A

c.Lessor trochanter in profile posteriorly

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20
Q

How should this AP image be corrected?

a.Repeated with a 5-7 degree cephalad angle applied
b.Repeated with femoral condyles parallel to the IR
c.Repeated with a 5-7 degree caudal angle applied
d.Image is acceptable, send to PACS

A

a.Repeated with a 5-7 degree cephalad angle applied

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21
Q

What positioning error occurred in this image?

a.Elbow not flexed 90 degrees.
b.Hand is supinated.
c.No positioning error detected. Image is good.
d.Hand is pronated.

A

d.Hand is pronated.

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22
Q

What pathology does this projection demonstrate?

a.Acetabular fracture
b.Anterior pelvic bone fracture
c.Femoral neck fracture
d.Femoral shaft fracture

A

c.Femoral neck fracture

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23
Q

What positioning error occurred for the oblique c-spine image?

a.the patient was over rotated
b.the patient’s neck was hyperextended
c.the patient was under rotated
d.the central ray was perpendicular to the image receptor

A

c.the patient was under rotated

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24
Q

The AP scapula image was acquired on an emergency patient after a fall from a ladder and the patient stated he landed on his back. The patient was able to stand and was able to move his arm. What should the MRT do next?

a.repeat the image, decreasing technical factors
b.repeat the image, having the patient rotate towards the affected side
c.repeat the image, having the patient abduct his arm 90 degrees
d.repeat the image, having the patient take shallow breaths to blur lung markings

A

c.repeat the image, having the patient abduct his arm 90 degrees

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25
Q

The shoulder image below was acquired on a patient that had shoulder pain after a fall. What error has occurred?

a.the positioning is accurate given the condition of the patient
b.the patient is under-rotated
c.the patient’s mid coronal plane is not perpendicular to the IR
d.the patient is over-rotated

A

d.the patient is over-rotated

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26
Q

What corrective action is required for the repeat of this image?

a.hips (pelvis) must be elevated to 45 degrees
b.hips (pelvis) must be depressed to 45 degrees
c.shoulders must be raised to 45 degrees
d.shoulders must be depressed to 45 degrees

A

d.shoulders must be depressed to 45 degrees

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27
Q

What positioning error has occurred with this lateral knee image?

a.The CR is angled too much
b.The CR is not angled enough
c.The leg is under rotated, internally
d.The leg is over rotated externally

A

d.The leg is over rotated externally

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28
Q

A 65 year old female patient presents to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain. The ER physician orders an acute abdomen series. The patient is unable to stand and had a left hip replacement surgery 4 weeks prior to this ER visit. Which of the following images should be obtained?

a.an upright PA chest, an upright abdomen and a supine abdomen
b.a supine chest, a supine abdomen and a left lateral decubitus abdomen
c.a supine chest, a supine abdomen and a dorsal decubitus abdomen
d.an AP sitting chest, a supine abdomen and a dorsal decubitus abdomen

A

d.an AP sitting chest, a supine abdomen and a dorsal decubitus abdomen

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29
Q

The lateral chest image demonstrates:

a.motion, as indicated by the diaphragm
b.soft tissue from the arms in the lung field
c.grid error, as indicated by the moire pattern
d.rotation, the posterior ribs are not superimposed

A

b.soft tissue from the arms in the lung field

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30
Q

What anatomy is interfering with the dens?

a.the front teeth
b.the foramen magnum
c.this is an attempt at a Fuch’s
d.the base of the skull

A

d.the base of the skull

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31
Q

The image below, obtained as part of a sinus routine, requires which of the following corrections?

a.the central ray angulation should be increased
b.the patient’s chin should be depressed
c.the patient’s chin should be elevated
d.the central ray angulation should be decreased

A

b.the patient’s chin should be depressed

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32
Q

The image below was acquired on a 30 year old male patient that sustained a shoulder injury playing baseball. What error occurred?

a.the image is acceptable
b.the patient is under rotated
c.the patient is over rotated
d.the image is acceptable and demonstrates a posterior dislocation

A

b.the patient is under rotated

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33
Q

The x-ray image below, for demonstration of the maxillary sinuses, should be repeated for which of the following reasons?

a.the central ray is not parallel to the mentomeatal line
b.the patient’s mouth is not sufficiently opened
c.the image is acceptable and should not be repeated
d.the patient’s chin is insufficiently raised

A

d.the patient’s chin is insufficiently raised

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34
Q

The stepladder sign is indicative of

a.regional enteritis
b.peritonitis
c.small bowel obstruction
d.ulcerative colitis

A

c.small bowel obstruction

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35
Q

The AP clavicle image below was acquired on a 18 year old male patient. What error occurred?

a.the patient towards the unaffected side
b.the central ray is not angled enough
c.the patient is rotated towards their right side
d.the patient is rotated towards their left side

A

c.the patient is rotated towards their right side

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36
Q

The MRT acquired this PA oblique hand image on a 55 year old male patient. What should the MRT do next?

a.not repeat the image, due to the fact that a PA and lateral hand were also completed
b.repeat the image, decreasing the amount of obliquity
c.repeat the image, increasing the amount of obliquity
d.not repeat the image, as the image has an acceptable amount of obliquity

A

b.repeat the image, decreasing the amount of obliquity

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36
Q

The image below demonstrates what type of fracture?

a.Colles
b.Smiths
c.greenstick
d.pathologic

A

c.greenstick

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37
Q

The skull image below demonstrates which of the following positioning errors:

a.no positioning error is seen
b.the patient’s head is rotated
c.the mandible is not included in its entirety
d.the patient’s head is tilted

A

b.the patient’s head is rotated

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38
Q

Which projection would better demonstrate the pathology?

a.AP axial outlet projection
b.AP frog bilateral hip projection
c.AP axial inlet projection
d.Axiolateral left hip projection

A

a.AP axial outlet projection

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39
Q

The AP axial clavicle image was acquired on a 22 year old male patient. What could be done to improve this image?

a.the central ray caudal angle should be increased
b.the patient should be rotated to the left
c.the patient should be rotated to the right
d.the central ray cephalad angle should be increased

A

d.the central ray cephalad angle should be increased

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40
Q

An MRT critiques an image of an anteroposterior (AP) pelvis. The left obturator foramen is narrower than the right. What should the MRT do?

a.accept the image
b.rotate the patient to the left
c.rotate the patient to the right
d.internally rotate both feet

A

c.rotate the patient to the right

41
Q

Which positioning maneuver would best improve this lateral hand image if repeated?

a.extend fingers
b.decrease finger separation
c.increase part rotation
d.decrease part rotation

A

c.increase part rotation

42
Q

What main correction should be made for the image below?

a.the neck requires more flexion posteriorly (chin raised)
b.the chin should be tucked down towards the chest
c.the head should be rotated to the right
d.the mouth should be opened wider

A

a.the neck requires more flexion posteriorly (chin raised)

43
Q

How can an MRT ensure that the patient is not rotated for an AP hip?

a.Feet are internally rotated 15 degrees
b.Both ASIS are equidistant to the tabletop
c.Iliac ala are symmetrical on the image
d.Midsaggital plane is perpendicular to the IR

A

b.Both ASIS are equidistant to the tabletop

44
Q

A 25 year old male patient with an elbow injury requires imaging to rule out a radial head fracture. The patient is able to fully extend their arm. Which elbow projection results in the least superimposition of the radial head with other bony structures and will best demonstrate the suspected injury?

a.AP elbow with partial flexion, the proximal radius and ulna parallel to the image receptor
b.AP oblique with lateral rotation
c.Horizontal beam lateral to demonstrate air/fluid levels
d.AP oblique with medial rotation

A

b.AP oblique with lateral rotation

45
Q

What positioning move would correct this lateral foot image?

a.Raise the knee off the table
b.Increase the dorsiflexion of the foot
c.Lower the knee towards the table
d.Use a 5-7 degree posterior CR angle

A

a.Raise the knee off the table

46
Q

Does this image meet all diagnostic criteria?

a.No, the patient is slightly rotated to the right
b.No, only 9 posterior ribs are demonstrated above the diaphragm
c.Yes, no rotation is seen and 10 posterior ribs are demonstrated
d.No, the patient is breathing as indicated by blurring at the diaphragm

A

c.Yes, no rotation is seen and 10 posterior ribs are demonstrated

47
Q

What type of patellar fracture would be demonstrated in this projection?

a.Horizontal
b.Vertical
c.Transverse
d.Longitudinal

A

c.Transverse

48
Q

A patient with a severe hand fracture is unable to flatten their hand for the PA projection. What alternative image can be taken to demonstrate the metacarpal area of the hand without distortion?

a.CT imaging would be required
b.AP projection
c.PA axial projection
d.lateral projection

A

b.AP projection

49
Q

What positioning error is demonstrated with this medial rotation oblique foot image?

a.Over rotation of the foot
b.Under rotation of the ankle
c.Over rotation of the ankle
d.Under rotation of the foot

A

a.Over rotation of the foot

50
Q

Which projection of the foot best demonstrates the bases of the fourth and fifth metatarsals free from superimposition?

a.Lateral projection
b.AP oblique projection (lateral rotation)
c.AP oblique projection (medial rotation)
d.AP projection

A

c.AP oblique projection (medial rotation)

51
Q

Which projection of the knee best demonstrates the femorotibial joint space open if the patient measures more than 24 cm between the ASIS and the tabletop?

a.AP oblique projection (medial rotation)
b.AP projection with the central ray angled 3 to 5 degrees caudad
c.AP projection with the central ray angled 3 to 5 degrees cephalad
d.AP projection with perpendicular central ray

A

c.AP projection with the central ray angled 3 to 5 degrees cephalad

52
Q

When radiographing the sternum, why is the RAO body position preferred?

a.to prevent superimposition of the sternum on the vertebral column
b.to decrease contrast by utilizing the heart shadow as background
c.to decrease the object image distance of the sternum to the IR
d.to demonstrate the costochondral joints of the right side

A

b.to decrease contrast by utilizing the heart shadow as background

53
Q

his image demonstrates the hand in which position?

a.hand pronated
b.hand in internal rotation
c.surface of palm against hip
d.hand supinated

A

d.hand supinated

54
Q

What is the positioning error in this AP axial foot image?

a.Foot is rotated internally
b.Foot is rotated externally
c.CR is perpendicular
d.CR is not angled posteriorly

A

d.CR is not angled posteriorly

55
Q

A patient fell off a ladder and landed on his posterior right side. Rib x-rays are ordered. Which oblique body position would best demonstrate lower posterior ribs?

a.LPO
b.RAO
c.LAO
d.RPO

A

d.RPO

56
Q

How should the patient be positioned for AP projections when the elbow cannot be fully extended?

  1. Elbow joint parallel to the image receptor
  2. Forearm parallel to the image receptor
  3. Humerus parallel to the image receptor

a.2 and 3 only
b.1 only
c.1 and 2 only
d.1 and 3 only

A

a.2 and 3 only

57
Q

Which projection of the knee should be used to demonstrate the patella completely superimposed on the femur?

a.Lateral projection
b.AP oblique projection (lateral rotation)
c.AP projection
d.AP oblique projection (medial rotation)

A

c.AP projection

58
Q

An AP oblique projection of the elbow with internal (medial) rotation shows the proximal radius and ulna parallel to each other. The patient positioning error could be corrected by:

a.Elevating the shoulder
b.Elevating the hand and wrist
c.Increasing internal rotation
d.Decreasing internal rotation

A

c.Increasing internal rotation

59
Q

The front leg of the Scottie dog represents the:

a.Pedicle
b.Superior articular process
c.Pars interarticularis
d.Inferior articular process

A

d.Inferior articular process

60
Q

Which projection of the elbow best demonstrates the coronoid process?

a.AP oblique with medial rotation
b.AP oblique with lateral rotation
c.Lateral elbow with central ray angled 45 degrees towards the shoulder
d.Lateral with hand pronated

A

a.AP oblique with medial rotation

61
Q

What anatomic misalignment is demonstrated?

a.Overrotation of the knee as the proximal tib fib articulation is open
b.The inferior borders of the condyles indicate the CR is perpendicular
c.Underrotation of the knee as the proximal tib fib articulation is superimposed
d.The inferior borders of the condyles indicate insufficient angulation of the CR

A

c.Underrotation of the knee as the proximal tib fib articulation is superimposed

62
Q

What positioning maneuver(s) ensures a good image of the AP ankle?

a.Plantarflexion and foot perpendicular to the IR
b.Dorsiflexion and plane between malleoli parallel to the IR
c.Plantarflexion and plane between malleoli parallel to the IR
d.Dorsiflexion and foot perpendicular to the IR

A

d.Dorsiflexion and foot perpendicular to the IR

63
Q

The AP shoulder image was acquired on a 75 year old male patient that fell on the ice. The superior scapular angle is demonstrated superior to the middle of the clavicle. What error occurred?

a.the mid coronal plane was not perpendicular to the IR
b.the mid coronal plane was not parallel to the IR
c.the mid sagittal plane was not parallel to the IR
d.the patient is leaning backward toward the IR

A

b.the mid coronal plane was not parallel to the IR

64
Q

The image below depicts which of the following pathologies?

a.epidural hematoma
b.osteoporosis
c.Paget’s (osteitis deformans) disease
d.osteomyelitis

A

c.Paget’s (osteitis deformans) disease

65
Q

What positioning error has occurred in this lateral wrist image?

a.Elbow is not properly flexed
b.Hand is rotated posteriorly
c.Forearm and humerus are not on the same plane
d.Hand is rotated anteriorly

A

d.Hand is rotated anteriorly

66
Q

How many degrees and in which direction should the central ray be directed if it is necessary to have the patient prone for a PA axial projection of the sacrum?

a.15 degrees caudad
b.10 degrees caudad
c.15 degrees cephalad
d.10 degrees cephalad

A

a.15 degrees caudad

67
Q

The following AP mobile chest x-ray was performed for an emergency patient who was having difficulty breathing. What is required to improve this image?

a.Have the patient come to the x-ray department to do a proper PA chest and left lateral
b.Have the patient take in a deeper inspiration and have patient rotate slightly toward the right
c.No repeat image is required. The image is good.
d.Have the patient take in a deeper inspiration and have patient rotate slightly toward the left

A

d.Have the patient take in a deeper inspiration and have patient rotate slightly toward the left

68
Q

Why would this AP oblique, internal rotation, knee image need repeating?

a.Tibiofemoral joint space is not open
b.Knee is externally rotated
c.Cephalad central ray angle is too great
d.Patella is not in the right position

A

a.Tibiofemoral joint space is not open

69
Q

The resulting image was taken on a 35 year old patient with undiagnosed hip pain. The following should be done when repeating the image:

a.accept the image, this is a normal variance
b.medially rotate both lower limbs 15 degrees medially
c.rotate the patient to the right
d.rotate the patient to the left

A

c.rotate the patient to the right

70
Q

What pathology would contraindicate using this body position to obtain this image?

a.Congenital hip dysplasia
b.Anterior pelvic fracture
c.Hip fracture
d.Osteoarthritis

A

c.Hip fracture

71
Q

Which of the following image criteria is not met with this lateral foot image?

a.Bony trabeculae and soft tissue demonstrated
b.Superimposition of the metatarsal heads
c.Entire foot and distal leg
d.Metatarsal cuboid joint space open

A

b.Superimposition of the metatarsal heads

72
Q

Which positioning error has been made on this image?

a.IR is not perpendicular to the patella
b.CR is not perpendicular to the IR
c.IR is not parallel to the femur
d.CR is not parallel to the femur

A

b.CR is not perpendicular to the IR

73
Q

How many degrees and in which direction should the central ray be directed for an AP axial projection of the coccyx?

a.15 degrees cephalad
b.10 degrees cephalad
c.15 degrees caudad
d.10 degrees caudad

A

d.10 degrees caudad

74
Q

What should the MRT do with this lateral knee image?

a.Send to PACS
b.Repeat, with a caudal angle to the CR
c.Repeat, with an increase of internal rotation of the knee
d.Repeat, with a 20-30 degree flexion to the knee

A

d.Repeat, with a 20-30 degree flexion to the knee

75
Q

The MRT should make the following correction for the above image?

a.rotate the patient towards the right side
b.rotate the patient towards the left side
c.no correction should be made due to the extensive injury
d.rotate the feet internally 15 degrees

A

c.no correction should be made due to the extensive injury

76
Q

The image below demonstrates:
a.a poor inspiration
b.scapula in the lung fields
c.a left sided pneumothorax
d.rotation to the right

A

c.a left sided pneumothorax

77
Q

Which of the following imaging criteria for a lateral thoracic spine is not being met with this projection?

a.lung tissue is over the anatomy
b.vertebral bodies are demonstrated without distortion
c.intervertebral disk spaces are open
d.the ribs are superimposed posteriorly

A

c.intervertebral disk spaces are open

78
Q

Which of the following image criteria is not met with this image?

a.Patella in profile
b.Femoralpatellar joint space open
c.Knee is flexed 20 to 30 degrees
d.Femoral condyles are superimposed

A

d.Femoral condyles are superimposed

79
Q

The facial bone image below demonstrates which of the following positioning errors:

a.rotation and tilt
b.rotation, demonstrated by the unsuperimposed EAMS
c.no positioning error is seen
d.tilt, demonstrated by the orbital roofs

A

c.no positioning error is seen

80
Q

Upon acquisition of this image, what should the MRT do?

a.repeat the image, the patient requires more rotation
b.Repeat the image and elevate the mandible
c.the image is acceptable - send to PACS
d.a swimmer’s lateral is required

A

b.Repeat the image and elevate the mandible

81
Q

The type of fracture that occurs when a ligament or tendon detaches or pulls a piece of bone is termed:

a.pathologic
b.stress
c.comminuted
d.avulsion

A

d.avulsion

82
Q

A patient requires decubitus imaging for a left sided pneumothorax. Which position would be required?

a.right lateral decubitus
b.an upright inspiration, expiration PA chest would be required
c.dorsal decubitus
d.left lateral decubitus

A

a.right lateral decubitus

83
Q

Which positioning factor determines the number of degrees the central ray should be angled for the tangential projection to demonstrate the patella?

a.SID
b.Object-to-image distance
c.Degree of knee flexion
d.Part thickness

A

c.Degree of knee flexion

84
Q

An 85 year old female patient requires shoulder imaging after falling during the night. The images must be acquired on the stretcher. What routine would be most appropriate?

a.AP shoulder and inferosuperior axial projection
b.AP shoulder and transthoracic humerus
c.AP shoulder and scapular Y lateromedial projection
d.AP shoulder and scapular Y mediolateral projection

A

c.AP shoulder and scapular Y lateromedial projection

85
Q

Which of the following x-ray projections would be contraindicated for a femoral neck fracture?

a.unilateral frog projection of the affected hip
b.AP hip projection of the affected hip
c.inferosuperior axial projection of the affected hip
d.AP pelvis projection

A

a.unilateral frog projection of the affected hip

86
Q

Which of the following image criteria is not met with this image?

a.Fibula in posterior 1/3 of tibia
b.Ankle and knee joint included
c.Proper collimation to include all required anatomy
d.Bony trabeculae and soft tissue demonstrated

A

a.Fibula in posterior 1/3 of tibia

87
Q

What positioning error is demonstrated in this AP pelvis image?

a.Central ray is too superior
b.Patient is rotated toward the left side
c.Patient is rotated toward the right side
d.No fracture is seen, so the patient must rotate their feet inward

A

b.Patient is rotated toward the left side

88
Q

Which of the following positioning maneuver would best improve this image if repeated?

a.rotate the patient’s head to the right so that the MSP is perpendicular to the IR
b.rotate the patient’s head to the left so that the MCP is perpendicular to the IR
c.rotate the patient’s head to the left so that the MSP is perpendicular to the IR
d.flex the patient’s head back slightly

A

c.rotate the patient’s head to the left so that the MSP is perpendicular to the IR

89
Q

The skull image below demonstrates which of the following positioning errors:

a.no positioning error is seen
b.the patient’s head is rotated
c.the mandible is not included in its entirety
d.the patient’s head is tilted

A

b.the patient’s head is rotated

90
Q

Which of the following would be present on the image of a properly positioned lateral projection of the forearm?

  1. Olecranon process in profile
  2. Elbow in 45° flexion
  3. Superimposition of distal radius and ulna

a.1, 2, and 3
b.1 and 3 only
c.3 only
d.2 and 3 only

A

b.1 and 3 only

91
Q

What positioning adjustment is required to place the petrous pyramids in the bottom third of the orbits?

a.the patient’s head must be rotated to the left
b.the central ray must be angled 30 degrees caudad
c.the patient’s chin must be tucked more
d.the patient’s chin must be elevated

A

c.the patient’s chin must be tucked more

92
Q

An AP axial (Towne) radiograph of the skull with insufficient angulation of the central ray would result in:

a.the superior arch of the first cervical vertebra being demonstrated within the foramen magnum
b.the dorsum sellae being demonstrated inferior to the foramen magnum
c.the dorsum sellae being demonstrated within the dorsum sellae
d.the dorsum sellae being demonstrated superior to the foramen magnum

A

d.the dorsum sellae being demonstrated superior to the foramen magnum

93
Q

An MRT prepares to position a patient with a suspected hip injury. The patient is positioned on a backboard with the right leg and foot lying on its lateral aspect. Which should the radiographer do to successfully complete the examination?

a.medially rotate both feet and lower legs 15 to 20 degrees
b.perform the exam without repositioning the leg
c.request that pain medication be given prior to rotating the leg
d.ask the emergency physician if the leg can be rotated

A

b.perform the exam without repositioning the leg

94
Q

Does this image meet diagnostic evaluation criteria?

a.Yes, zygomatic arches seen in their entirety.
b.Yes, zygomatic arches free from overlying structures.
c.No, zygomatic arches not seen in their entirety.
d.No, zygomatic arches are not free from overlying structures.

A

c.No, zygomatic arches not seen in their entirety.

94
Q

A mediolateral projection is preferred for images of the:

a.4th finger
b.3rd finger
c.2nd finger
d.thumb

A

d.thumb

95
Q

There is rotation demonstrated on this AP hip image. In which direction is the rotation?

a.Toward the affected side
b.Toward the unaffected side
c.There is no rotation, gas is obscuring the obturator foramen
d.Inferior rotation

A

b.Toward the unaffected side

96
Q

The above image requires the following correction:

a.the patient’s feet should be internally rotated 15 degrees
b.the kV should be increased
c.no correction is necessary, the image is acceptable
d.the collimation should be increased

A

c.no correction is necessary, the image is acceptable

97
Q

What is the positioning error demonstrated in this AP knee image?

a.Femoral condyles are parallel to the IR
b.Leg is rotated externally
c.CR enters the base of the patella
d.Leg is rotated internally

A

d.Leg is rotated internally

98
Q

What type of fracture is evident?

a.Bennetts
b.Colles
c.Smiths
d.Potts

A

b.Colles

Semester 6 study notes (7 decks)

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