Skeletal Systems Articulations Flashcards
Functions of joints?
Give the skeleton mobility while holding skeleton together
What’s a joint
Place of contact between bones; bones and cartilage; or bones and teeth
Basis of classifying joints as functional
Based on amount of movement allowed by joint
Basis of classifying joint into structural
Focuses on the material binding bones together, and if a joint cavity is present
3 structural classes of joints?
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Structural joints:
Fibrous joints
Bones are joined by dense regular c.t.
Structural joints:
Cartilaginous
Bones joined by hyaline cartilage or Fibrocartilage
Structural joints:
Synovial
Articulating bones are supported by fluid containing joint cavity
Functional joints:
Synarthroses
Immovable
Functional joints:
Amphiarthroses
Slightly movable
Functional joints:
Diarthroses
Freely moveable
Name three types of functional joints
Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses
What is the relationship between mobility and stability in a joint
A joint cannot be both mobile and strong
If a ball and socket joint is more mobile than a gliding joint, which of these two joints is more stable
Gliding joint
Where are gomposes located?
Articulation of a tooth to the jawbone
What is the composition of a suture?
Interlocking junctions completely filled with a minimal amount of very short c.t. Fibers.
Where are sutures found
Only between bones of skull
What specific bones are syndesmoses found on?
In the ankle where the fibula and tibia connect
Between the radius and the ulna of the forearm
What is the composition of a synchondrosis?
Bar or plate of hyaline cartilage
Where are synchondrosis found
Costochondral joints and epiphyseal plates of children
Characteristics common to all synovial joints
All are freely moveable Diarthroses
What are 7 basic components of a synovial joint
Articular capsule Articular cartilage Joint cavity Synovial fluid Reinforcing ligaments Nerves Blood vessels
What is the composition of synovial fluid in a synovial joint
Hyaluronic acid and lubracin
What is the function of synovial fluid
Reduce friction between the Arhicular cartilage
If a bone moves in just one plane or axis
Uniaxial
If a bone moves in two planes or axes
Biaxial
If a bone moves in multiple planes or axis
Multiaxial
Name the six kinds of synovial joints
Plane joints Hinge joints Pivot joints Condylar joints Saddle joints Ball and socket joints
Synovial joint:
Plane joint
Allow only slipping and gliding movement
Least mobile
Synovial joint:
Hinge joints
Cylindrical projection of one bone fits into a trough shape surface on another.
Synovial joint:
Pivot joint
Rounded end of one bone protrudes into a “sleeve” or ring, composed of bone of another
Synovial joint:
Condylar joints
Oval Articular surface of one bone fits into a complimentary depression in another
Synovial joint:
Saddle joints
Similar to condylar joints but allow more movement
Convex surfaces resembling saddle
Synovial joint:
Ball and socket joints
A spherical or hemispherical head of one bone articulates with a cup like socket of another.
Most freely moving
