Skeletal System: Articulations Pt2 Flashcards
Which of the 6 synovial joints are Biaxial
Condylar
Saddle
Which of the 6 synovial joints are Uniaxial
Plane
Hinge
Pivot
Which of the 6 synovial joints are Multiaxial
Ball and socket
Describe the gliding motion
Side to side movement in a single plane
What joints use gliding motion
Uniaxial
Describe angular movement
Increasing or decreasing the angle between long bones
What re the 7 types of angular movement
Flexion Extension Hyperextension Abduction Adduction Circumduction Rotation
Flexion
Decreases angle of the joint
Extension
Increases angle of the joint
Hyperextension
Extension movement continues past the anatomic position
Abduction
Movement away from the midline of body or body part
Adduction
Movement toward the midline of body or body part
Circumduction
Movement describes a cone in space
Circumduction combines what angular movements
Flexion, abduction, extension, and Adduction
Rotation
The turning of a bone around its own long axis
When sitting upright in a chair are your hip and knee joints flexed or extended
Flexed
What is meant by special movements?
Movements specific to certain body parts
Supination and pronation apply to
Hand
Eversion and inversion apply to
Ankle and foot
Dorsiflexion and plantar Flexion apply to
Foot
Opposition and reposition apply to
Thumb and pinky
Retraction and protraction apply to
Jaw
Depression and elevation apply to
Shoulders
Supination
Rotating hand toward anatomic position
Pronation
Rotating hand opposite of anatomic position
Eversion
Rolling ankle outward
Inversion
Rolling ankle inward
Dorsiflexion
Point toes and foot upward
Plantar Flexion
Point toes and foot downwar
Opposition
Touching the thumb to the pinky
Reposition
Moving thumb away from pinky
Retraction
Pulling jaw inward
Protraction
Pushing jaw outward
Depression
Pushing shoulders downward
Elevation
Pulling shoulders upward
Describe the knee joint
Three joints in one, surrounded by a single joint cavity
What are the eight ligaments that support the knee joint
Patellar Fibular collateral Tibial collateral Cruciate ligaments Anterior cruciate ligament Posterior cruciate ligament Two popliteal ligaments
Patellar ligament extends from?
Extends from patella to tibial Tuberosity
Fibular collateral ligament function?
Reinforces lateral surface of joint
Prevents hyperadduction of leg at knee
Tibial collateral ligament function?
Reinforces medial surface of the knee
Prevents hyperabduction of the leg at knee
Cruciate ligament function
Limit anterior and posterior movement of femur on tibia
Anterior cruciate ligament function
Prevents hyperextension
prevents tibia moving too far anteriorly on the femur
Posterior cruciate ligament function
Prevent hyperflexion
And posterior displacement of tibia on the femur
What movements are allowed at the knee joint
Flexion
Extension
And some rotation in flexed position
Describe the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
Has a loose Articular capsule that surrounds the joint
Promotes extensive range of motion
Head of mandible articulation with temporal bone
What type of joint is represented by the glenohumoral joint
Synovial:
Ball and socket
What are the rotator cuff muscles
(SITS)
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
What is their role in relation to the stability of the glenohumoral joint
Work as a group to hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity
The glenohumoral joint is the most stable/unstable joint in the body?
Unstable
Describe the hip joint
Ball and socket joint
Good range of motion
What are the possible movements at the hip joints
Flexion Extension Abduction Adduction Rotation Circumduction
How do the glenohumoral and hip joints compare in terms of stability and mobility
Hip not as mobile as the shoulder
But hip is more stable
Read diseases and abnormal conditions related to joints
K
