Skeletal System test 2 Flashcards
Functions of the skeletal system
support, storage minerals, lipids, blood cells production, protection
Osteocyte
bone cells
collagen fibers
1/3 bone weight, protein fibers
Periosteum
outer fibrous surface of bone
articular cartilage
protects opposing bone surfaces
Trabeculae
lamellae form rods and plates. this is what makes up spongy bone
Osteoclasts
breaks down old bone
Epiphyseal line
at puberty bone accelerates overtakes cartilage
Vitamin D3
formed by ultraviolet light, then formed in liver and kidney
Osteomalacia/rickets
bones softening in adults, rickets in children
Parathyroid hormone
raises calcium level in blood
Calcitonin
lowers calcium level in blood. hormone from thyroid
How many bones?
206
Axial skeleton
skull, spine, sacrum, coccyx, ribs
Primary curves
thoracic, sacral
Kyphosis
exaggerated thoracic curve
Scoliosis
abnormal lateral curve
Ribs
12 pairs
Diarthroses/freely movable joints
synovial joints
Synovial fluid
reduces joint friction
Intervertebral discs
made of tough fibrocartilage layers. decreases in height as we age.
Flexion
decreasing the angle between articulating bones relative to anatomical position
Extension
increasing the angle
Abduction
moving a limb away from the longitudinal axis of the body or away from midline
Adduction
moving a limb toward the longitudinal axis of boy or towards midline
Pronation
moving palm from pam facing –front to palm –facing back
Inversion
twist sole of foot inwards
Dorsiflexion
elevates sole of ankle– toes toward shins
Lateral flexion
bending of the vertebral column to the side in the frontal plane
