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Skeletal System III Flashcards

1
Q

This is an example of what?

A

Knee effusion=best seen on a lateral view superior to the patella and anterior to the femur

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2
Q

Widening of the symphysis pubis > 1 cm is abnormal. This is called?

A

Diastasis of the SP.

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3
Q

For pelvic trauma, although –___ view is usually sufficient,CT Scan is a second line study.

A

AP

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4
Q

Pelvic hematomas and possible urethral and bladder injuries are commonly caused by ?

A

Pelvic fractures

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5
Q

Jo Gibtry, a female patient comes in complaining of knee pain with motion, limited ROM, redness, swelling and a visible deformity on her knee. What is a probable diagnosis?

A

OSTEOarthritis

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6
Q

In a patient with Osteoarthritis, what can happen to the cartilage?

A

-Cartilage may become calcified and break off resulting in loose bodies in the joint

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7
Q

What is going on in the picture below?

A

Widened Symphysis Pubis

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8
Q

What disease is characterized by benign lesions of the pelvis, accompanied by

increased sclerosis?

A

Pagets Disease

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9
Q

This is an example of what?

A

Chondrocalcinosis

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10
Q

What are some examples of knee fractures?

A

-Knee fractures include patella fractures,

fractures of the tibia,

fibula, and femur

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11
Q

There is a normal variant that may appear to be a fracture in the knee. What is it?

A

Bipartite patella

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12
Q

Tibial plateau fractures can be difficult to see–what view is BEST to see them?

A

AP view

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13
Q

What is the name of a common malignant tumor found in childrens pelvis? What about an adults pelvis?

A

■Child – Ewing’s sarcoma

■Adult – chondrosarcomas

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14
Q

Something is jacked up in this photo. What is it?

A

Patellar Fracture

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15
Q

Identify the fracture in the picture.

A

Tibial plateau fracture

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16
Q

Label the parts of the pelvis.

A

Good job!

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17
Q

What is the most common hip dislocation?

A

Posterior dislocation

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18
Q

In a posterior hip dislocation the hip is displaced, _______ and ______on film.

A. superiorly; medially

B. superiorly; laterally

C. infeiorly; laterally

A

B. Superiorly and Laterally - Posterior location

(remember: Anterior = inferior and medial = AIM. posterior is the opposite)

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19
Q

What type of fracture is this?

A

Supracondylar fracture of femur

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20
Q

What is jacked up in this photo?

A

the knee is dislocated

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21
Q

Dislocated patella is almost always on what side?

A

to the lateral side.

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22
Q

What view is best to view a dislocated patella?

A

Sunrise view is best.

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23
Q

Giant cell tumor is a ______ tumor that commonly occurs in the knee, often in the _____ tibia.

A
  1. benign tumor
  2. Proximal tibia
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24
Q

When taking a plain film of the Tibia and Fibula–what views should be taken and what needs to be included (anatomically)?

A
  • AP view and a lateral view
  • Films should include the entire length from the tibial plateau to the ankle
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25
Q

In an anterior hip dislocation the hip is displaced, _______ and ______on film.

A. inferiorly; medially

B. superiorly; laterally

C. infeiorly; laterally

A

A. Inferiorly; medially

(remember : A.I.M)

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26
Q

What type of fractures are common in the tibia?

a. Comminuted
b. Open
c. spiral
d. greenstick

A

C. Spiral fractures are common to the tibia – often has an associated fibula fracture

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27
Q

What are the two most common hip fractures?

A
  1. Fx’s of the intertrochanteric region (45%)
  2. Fx’s of the femoral neck (45%)
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28
Q

What common hip fracture requires total hip replacement if displaced?

A

Fx’s of the femoral neck

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29
Q

What common hip fracture can be repaired with compression screws preserving the natural hip joint?

A

Fx’s of the intertrochanteric region

30
Q

This is a photo of normal anatomy. What is the thicker bone? Thinner bone?

A

Thick bone: tibia

Thin bone: fibula

31
Q

Plain films of the ankle should include which views?

A

AP view,

lateral view and

an oblique view

32
Q

How does an ankle effusion appear on a plain film?

A

appears as an anterior fat line in front of the joint space on the lateral view

33
Q

Christina comes into your clinic with hip pain, and is unable to internally rotate her hip. Her xrays reveal osteophytes, and joint space narrowing. What is going on with Christina?

A

Osteoarthirits

34
Q

What is the most common cause of chronic hip pain?

A

Osteoarthritis

35
Q

A crescent sign may be seen in….

a. Avascular Necrosis of the Hip
b. Osteoarthiritis
c. Hip dislocation

A

A. avascular necrosis of the hip

36
Q

What is the best test to perform for avascular necrosis of the hip?

A

MRI- you will see a flattened, irregular, necrotic head.

37
Q

What are three types of benign femoral tumors?

A
  1. Fibrous cortical defects
  2. Fibrous dysplasia
  3. Nonossifying fibroma
38
Q

How does an ankle effusion appear on a plain film?

A

as an anterior fat line, in front of the joint space on the lateral view

39
Q

Most common ankle fractures involve what section of the tibia?

A

lateral or medial malleolus

40
Q

What is this image?

A

Ankle effusion

41
Q

What is significant about this image?

A

□Bimalleolar fracture

42
Q

What is this image indicative of?

What part of the body does this usually occur?

What could cause this?

A

□Growth arrest lines

□Occur in the distal tibia

□Due to a period of arrested growth – perhaps sickness–malnutrition??

43
Q

T/F: Bone islands are a benign finding in the ankle.

44
Q

When taking plain films of the foot what views should be taken?

A

Plain films include an AP view,

lateral view and

oblique view

45
Q

What view is needed on a plain film when a calcaneal fracture is suspected?

A

Calcaneal view

46
Q

What is the most common cause of a calcaneal fracture?

A

□Usually caused by jumping off of something onto a hard surface.

47
Q

What are the names of two malignant tumors of the femur?

A
  1. Chondrosarcoma
  2. metastases
48
Q

The picture below can be caused by ….

A. Non-ossifying fibroma that caused pathologic fracture in the femur

B. The herp derps

C. Humeral hairline fracture

A

a. A. Non-ossifying fibroma that caused pathologic fracture in the femur

49
Q

The picture below is indicative of
…

a. Avascular necrosis
b. Giant cell tumor
c. arthiritis of the elbow

A

B. Giant cell tumor!

50
Q

What is the best study for ligaments, cartilage and tendons?

51
Q

What kind of view was used in this image?

52
Q

A Talar fracture always involves the _____of the ____; and can result in AVN.

A
  1. Neck
  2. Talus
53
Q

What is this image?

54
Q

What is significant about this image?

A

Calcaneal Fx

55
Q

What is significant about this image? What is the diagnosis?

A

Calcaneal spur (heel spur).

Plantar fasciitis

56
Q

What is the specific name for this fracture?

A

□Jones fracture – base of 5th metatarsal

57
Q

What is a Jones fracture?

A

a fx of the base of the 5th metatarsal

58
Q

Know these!!!

A

Good job!!!! :)

59
Q

What is the best view for joint space narrowing or calcification of the cartilage?

60
Q

What is the best view for patella and joint effusions?

A

Lateral view with partial flexion –

61
Q

What is the best view to analyze the relationship of patella to the anterior femur?

A

Sunrise view –

62
Q

What is the best view to observe the tibial spines and femoral condyles?

A

Tunnel view

63
Q

Label the parts below

64
Q

What is this Fx?

A

March Fx–stress fracture of 2nd, 3rd, or 4th MT

65
Q

What is this image showing? What type of Fx?

A

Lisfranc fracture

– fx of 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th MT with lateral dislocation

66
Q

What is a Lisfranc fracture?

A

– fx of 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th MT with lateral dislocation

67
Q

What is a March Fx?

A

a stress fracture of 2nd, 3rd, or 4th MT

68
Q

Jo Gibtry is a runner, athletes and dancer!! Yay!! Go Jo!! What type of Fx is she most susceptile to?

69
Q

T/F: Osteomyelitis dissolves the bone

70
Q

T/F. Injuries to the ligaments, meniscus and tendons are usually NOT seen on plain films

71
Q

What is this nasty ass foot?

A

□Bunions – Hallux Valgus

Radiology (5 decks)

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