Skeletal System Flash Cards

Question 1

Muscular System

Answer 1

• functions: works with skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; aids circulation and digestion
• structures: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle

Question 2

Skeletal System

Answer 2

• functions: supports body; protects internal organs; allows movement; stores minerals; makes new blood cells
• structures: bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons

Question 3

Connective Tissue

Answer 3

• connects and supports body parts

* examples: bones, ligaments, tendons, cartilage

Question 4

Muscular Tissue

Answer 4

• contracts and relaxes to create movement

* examples: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, heart muscle

Question 5

Locomotion

Answer 5

• movement
• in humans, locomotion is
accomplished through the interactions of the muscular and skeletal systems
• allows organisms to get food, find shelter, and avoid predators

Question 6

Voluntary

Answer 6

• under conscious control
• usually involve skeletal
muscles
• examples: running, eating,
talking

Question 7

Involuntary

Answer 7

• not under conscious control
• happens automatically
without needing to think
about it
• involves cardiac/heart muscle
• involves smooth muscles that
line blood vessels, the digestive tract, respiratory system, etc.
• examples: breathing, heart rate, digestion

Question 8

Striated

Answer 8

• appears to have light and dark bands or stripes because of the way that muscle fibers are lined up
• cardiac and skeletal muscles have this appearance

Question 9

Skeletal Muscle

Answer 9

• muscle that is attached to bone
• mainly under voluntary control
• striated

Question 10

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 10

• heart muscle • involuntary • striated

Question 11

Smooth Muscle

Answer 11

• non-striated muscles of the blood vessels, digestive system, respiratory system, urinary tract, and reproductive system
• involuntary

Question 12

Endoskeleton

Answer 12

• an internal skeleton
• example: humans have this
type of skeleton

Question 13

Exoskeleton

Answer 13

• a hard, external skeleton
• examples: insects, crabs,
lobsters, and shells have this type of skeleton

Question 14

Red Bone Marrow

Answer 14

soft gelatinous tissue that fills the insides of bone cavities (or spaces)
• this type is where new red blood cells are created

Question 15

Yellow Bone Marrow

Answer 15

• soft gelatinous tissue that fills the insides of bone cavities (or spaces)
• this type is where fat is stored

Question 16

Joints

Answer 16

• areas where bones connect
• different types of joints allow
for different ranges of motion
• example: the elbow is a hinge
joint that allows for back and forth movement in two directions; it works like a door hinge)

Question 17

Ligaments

Answer 17

• tough, elastic, connective tissue fibers that hold the ends of bones together at movable joints
• letter C in the diagram is a ligament
• think “ligaments like to like” (connects bone to bone)

Question 18

Tendon

Answer 18

• tough, inelastic connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
• think “tendons two types” (connect muscle to bone)
• letter A in the diagram is a tendon (connects the bicep to the radius bone)

Question 19

Elastic

Answer 19

• stretchy (to provide flexibility)

Question 20

Inelastic

Answer 20

• resistant to stretching (to provide strength and resistance to tearing)

Question 21

Cartilage

Answer 21

• elastic connective tissue found on the ends of bones
• cushions joints between bones
• provides flexibility (ears, nose)
• makes up most of the skeleton of an unborn child and is slowly replaced by bone during growth and development

Question 22

Contract or Muscle Contraction

Answer 22

• to get shorter and tighter
• this happens to muscles when
they are working; as muscles shorten, they pull on the bones that they are attached to and cause them to move
• example: your bicep shortens, pulling on your radius bone to flex your arm at the elbow

Question 23

Lever (Leverage)

Answer 23

• a rigid rod (like a length of bone) that turns about a pivot (or a joint)
• muscles and bones act together in this way so that a small amount of force can be used to move a much bigger force

Question 24

Arthritis

Answer 24

• joint inflammation, pain and stiffness from regular wear and tear

Question 25

Tendonitis

Answer 25

• injury to a tendon as a result of extreme exertion; symptoms include inflammation and pain