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A-Level Pe > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 types of bones?

A

Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones

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2
Q

What is an example of a long bone?

A

Femur

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3
Q

What is an example of a short bone?

A

Carpals, tarsals

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4
Q

What is an example of a flat bone?

A

Cranium, ribs

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5
Q

What is an example of a irregular bone?

A

Vertebrae. Pelvis

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6
Q

What is the function of a long bone?

A

Gross movement, blood cell production

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7
Q

What is the function of a short bone?

A

Weight bearing

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8
Q

What is the function of a flat bone?

A

Protect vital organs, muscle attachment

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9
Q

What is the function of a irregular bone?

A

Protection, shape, posture

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10
Q

What does the term ‘axial’ mean?

A

The ‘core’ of the body

Structure, protection, muscle attachment

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11
Q

What does the term ‘appendicular mean?

A

The ‘limbs’ of the body

Movement, blood cell production

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12
Q

What are the 3 planes of movement?

A

Sagittal, transverse, frontal

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13
Q

What movements take place in the Sagittal plane?

A

Flexion, extension, Dorsi-flexion, plantar-flexion

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14
Q

What movements take place in the transverse plane?

A

Rotation

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15
Q

What movements take place in the frontal plane?

A

Abduction, adduction

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16
Q

What are the 6 synovial joints?

A

Hinge, condyloid, pivot, saddle, gliding, ball and socket

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17
Q

What is an example of a ball and socket joint?

A

Shoulder, hip

18
Q

What is an example of a saddle joint?

A

Thumb

19
Q

What is an example of a hinge joint?

A

Elbow, patella (knee), ankle

20
Q

What is an example of a gliding joint?

A

Carpals

21
Q

What is an example of a condyloid joint?

A

Wrists

22
Q

What is a synovial joint?

A

A freely moveable joint

23
Q

What planes does a ball and socket joint work in?

A

Sagittal, transverse, frontal

24
Q

What planes does a hinge joint work in?

A

Sagittal

25
Q

What planes does a gliding joint work in?

A

Sagittal, transverse, frontal

However there is a limited amount of motion available

26
Q

What planes does a condyloid joint work in?

A

Sagittal, frontal

27
Q

What planes does a pivot joint work in?

A

Rotation

28
Q

What is the characteristic of a ligament?

A

A tough bond of connective tissue

29
Q

What is the function of a ligament?

A

Connects bone to bone

Prevents dislocation

30
Q

What is the characteristics of sinovial fluid?

A

Liquid found in joint cavity and bursa

31
Q

What is the function of sinovial fluid?

A

Lubricated the joint, preventing friction and decreases chance of injury

32
Q

What is the characteristics of articulate cartilage?

A

Smooth tissue which covers the surface of the bones

33
Q

What is the function of articular cartilage?

A

Shock absorber and allows friction free movement

34
Q

What is the characteristics of the joint capsule?

A

A sack with a inner synovial membrane

35
Q

What is the function of the joint capsule?

A

Where we secrete sinovial fluid

36
Q

What is the characteristics of the bursa?

A

A fluid filled sack where tendons rub over the bones

37
Q

What is the function of the bursa?

A

Reduces friction between tendon and bones

38
Q

What is a ‘agonist’?

A

A prime mover which contracts when muscles work in pairs

39
Q

What is a ‘antagonist’?

A

The muscle which relaxes when muscles work in pairs

40
Q

What is a ‘fixator’?

A

The muscle which controls and stabilises the movement when muscles work in pairs

A-Level Pe (4 decks)

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