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Pe - Mrs Kemp > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 main functions

A 
Protection 
Movement 
Support 
Shape 
Blood cell production
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2
Q

What are long bones

A

Length is greater then width
Longest is the femur
They act as levers

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3
Q

What are short bones

A

Equal In length
Equal in width and thickness
Shaped irregular

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4
Q

What are flat bones

A

Actually more curved

Include ribs and scapula

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5
Q

Sesamoid bones

A

Small bones

Embedded with certain tendons

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6
Q

Irregular bones

A

Vertebrae

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7
Q

Name the 3 types of cartilage

A

Yellow/elastic - soft and slightly elastic e.g. Ear lobe
Articular cartilage - solid and smooth and protects bone from the constant wear
White fibrocartilage - tough and slightly flexible and acts as a shock absorber

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8
Q

What are tendons

A

Muscle to bone
Very strong
Achilles’ tendons

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9
Q

What is the axial Skelton

A

Made up of the skull, vertebrae, rips and sternum

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10
Q

What is the appendicular Skelton

A

Composed of the shoulder girdle, hip girdle and bones of the arms

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11
Q

Ligaments

A

Tough band of elastic tissue

Connects bone to bone

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12
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Lubrication fluid

Reduces friction

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13
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Smooth tissue which covers bone

Absorbs shock

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14
Q

Joint capsule

A

Fibrous sack

Enclosed and strengths the joint

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15
Q

Bursa

A

Closed fluid sacs founds where tendons rub over bones

Reduces friction

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16
Q

Types of joints

A

Ball and sockets ( shoulder and hip)
Pivot ( neck)
Hinge ( knee and elbow)
Condyloid ( wrist)

17
Q

Flexion

A

Reducing the angle at the joint

18
Q

Extension

A

Increasing the angle at the joint

19
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from midline

20
Q

Adduction

A

Movement towards midline

21
Q

Circumduction

A

Circular movement at the end of the bone remains still and distal ( shoulder and hip)

22
Q

Rotation

A

Movement around a central axis

23
Q

Supination

A

Turning the hand so that the palm is upwards

24
Q

Pronation

A

Turning hand so that palm is facing down

25
Q

Horizontal flexion

A

Moving towards midline

26
Q

Horizontal extension

A

Movement away from midline

27
Q

Dorsi flexion

A

Movement that brings foot towards the shin

28
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Movement that brings foot flat to the ground

29
Q

Lateral flexion

A

Bending the spine to the side

30
Q

Lateral extension

A

Spine returning to normal position

31
Q

Retraction

A

Backwards movement of the scapula

32
Q

Protraction

A

Forwards moment of the scapula

33
Q

Inversion

A

Turning the foot so that the sole faces upwards

34
Q

Eversion

A

Turning the foot so the sole faces outwards

35
Q

Elevation

A

Shoulder moves upwards

36
Q

Depression

A

Shoulder moves down

Pe - Mrs Kemp (4 decks)

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