skeletal system Flashcards
What are the two main parts of the human skeleton?
Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
The axial skeleton protects vital organs, while the appendicular skeleton is designed for movement.
What does the axial skeleton comprise?
Head, vertebrae, and rib cage
The axial skeleton largely protects the vital organs of the body.
What does the appendicular skeleton include?
Shoulder and pelvic girdle, limbs (arms and legs)
The appendicular skeleton is largely designed for movement.
What are the three types of joints in the body?
Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial
Focus is primarily on synovial joints.
What characterizes fibrous joints?
Adjacent parts of bone held together by strong, immobile fibrous tissue
Example: skull sutures between sections of the cranium.
What characterizes cartilaginous joints?
Bones united with cartilage allowing some movement
Example: joints between the vertebrae of the spine.
What are synovial joints known for?
High mobility and presence of a joint capsule, synovial fluid, and supporting ligaments
Examples include knee, shoulder, and elbow joints.
What is a defining feature of a synovial joint?
A fluid-filled joint cavity contained within a fibrous capsule
It is the most common type of joint found in the human body.
What is the function of synovial fluid?
Acts as a lubricant between articulating cartilage or bones
It allows for smooth movement within the joint cavity.
What do ligaments do?
Join bone to bone
They provide stability to the joints.
What do tendons do?
Join muscle to bone
They facilitate movement by connecting muscles to the skeletal system.
What is the function of articular cartilage?
Covers the end of the bone
It reduces friction and absorbs shock at the joint.
