fluid mechanics and force Flashcards
What does fluid mechanics refer to?
The movement of a body through liquid (water) or gas (air), and the forces that affect it
How does fluid mechanics impact sports?
It affects the movement of objects or the human body through the fluid, aiming for speed and efficiency
What is flotation?
The ability to float and maintain a stationary position on the surface of the water
What are two examples of flotation in sports?
- Streamline position in swimming
- Water polo
What is the centre of buoyancy?
The centre of gravity of the fluid displaced by a floating object, where all buoyancy forces are balanced
What are two examples of centre of buoyancy in sports?
- Standing on a surfboard
- Synchronized swimming
What is fluid resistance?
The resisting force encountered by a body or object moving in air or water
What are two examples of fluid resistance in sports?
- Skiing off a slope
- Rowing/canoeing
What is the Magnus force effect?
The air acting on a rotating ball causing it to move in a specific direction
What effect does the Magnus force have on a ball?
It reduces resistance and allows the ball to move to the path with least resistance
Define force in the context of physics.
A push or pull upon an object that arises when it interacts with another object
What are contact forces?
Forces that arise from direct and applied contact, such as striking a ball in cricket
What are non-contact forces?
Forces that do not require physical contact, such as gravity
What is Newton’s 1st law of motion?
An object remains at rest or in constant motion unless acted upon by an external force
What is Newton’s 2nd law of motion?
The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the force acting on it and in the same direction
What is Newton’s 3rd law of motion?
When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite force
How does the body apply force?
Through internal forces applied to surfaces, counteracted by equal external forces causing muscle contraction
What are two examples of how the body applies force in sports?
- Vertical jumps in volleyball
- Fast-bowling in cricket
How does the body absorb force?
Forces are absorbed through the joints, which bend or flex in response to impact
What are two examples of how the body absorbs force in sports?
- Rebounding in basketball
- Landing in high jump
What happens when greater force is applied to an object?
The greater the force, the greater the acceleration of the object
What are examples of applying force on an object in sports?
- Shooting
- Kicking
- Batting
- Spiking a ball
