Skeletal system

Question 1

5 bone shapes

Answer 1

long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid

Question 2

epiphysis

Answer 2

most proximal and distal ends of long bones closer to sites of attachment

Question 3

diaphysis

Answer 3

shaft, main middle portion of long bones

Question 4

articular cartilage

Answer 4

hyaline cartilage tissue that protects the part of the bone that articulates with another bone

Question 5

2 types of bone

Answer 5

spongey and compact

Question 6

periosteum

Answer 6

tough, vascular covering of dense connective tissue

Question 7

medullary cavity

Answer 7

cavity within the diaphysis of a long bone that contains red or yellow marrow

Question 8

the epiphyses are mostly composed of

Answer 8

spongy bone

Question 9

endosteum

Answer 9

a thin membrane containing bone-forming cells that lines the medullary cavity as well as spaces within spongy bone.

Question 10

osteocytes

Answer 10

bone cells

Question 11

lacunae

Answer 11

tiny, bony chambers that house osteocytes

Question 12

canaliculi

Answer 12

small canals that extend out of lacunae and allow the osteocytes to reach out to any blood/nutrients needed via the central canal and allow osteocytes to exchange substances

Question 13

perforating canals

Answer 13

canals that transversely connect between central canals through matrix of bone

Question 14

trabeculae found in ___ and house ___

Answer 14

spongy bone, osteocytes

Question 15

spongy bone is composed of

Answer 15

trabecular and nutrients from surrounding space

Question 16

bone cells in spongey bone do not aggregate around

Answer 16

central canals

Question 17

cells in spongy bone lie in the

Answer 17

trabeculae

Question 18

cells in the spongey bone get nutrients from

Answer 18

substances diffusing into the canaliculi that lead to the surfaces of the thin bony plates

Question 19

compact bone is composed of

Answer 19

osteons, concentric circles of ECM, central canals, perforating canals, blood vessels in canals, nerves in canals

Question 20

bone develops from 7 different things

Answer 20

vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin D, sunlight, exercise, hormones, and calcium

Question 21

vitamin A in bone development aids in

Answer 21

osteoblast and osteoclast activity

Question 22

vitamin C in bone development aids in

Answer 22

collagen synthesis

Question 23

vitamin D in bone development aids in

Answer 23

calcium absorption

Question 24

bones will break down, become weak if they are not used due to the ___ concept

Answer 24

use it or lose it