Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the 4 main functions of the skeletal system?
- Mineral Storage
- Production of blood cells
- Support and Protection
4.Body Movement
Explain the 4 functions of the skeletal system: Mineral Storage
Bones are a site for storage and release of minerals which are needed to help the body grow, and to build strong bones. Foods that contain more calcium and phosphorous than the body requires are stored in the bones in the form of collagen. Collagen is what makes up the main part of connective tissues.
Explain the 4 functions of the skeletal system: Production of blood cells
Bones produce new blood cells, with red blood cells carrying oxygen to tissues and removing carbon dioxide, while white blood cells help fight infection.
Explain the 4 functions of the skeletal system: Support and Protection
The skeletal system supports movement, protects organs, and provides solid support against gravity, with bones and tissues protecting vital organs.
Explain the 4 functions of the skeletal system: Body Movement
Movement is powered by skeletal muscles attached to bones, with muscles, bones, and joints working together, while bones provide attachment sites and support the body.
What are the 5 different types of bones found in the body?
- Long
- Short
- Irregular
- Flat
- Sesamoid
Examples of each type of bone: Long
Femur (thigh bone)
Humerus (upper arm bone)
Examples of each type of bone: Short
Carpals (wrist bone)
Tarsals (ankle bone)
Examples of each type of bone: Irregular
Vertebrae (spinal column)
Bones in the face are also irrefular
Examples of each type of bone: Flat
Skull, Ribs, Sternum
Examples of each type of bone: Sesamoid
Patella (kneecap)
What are the 5 sections of the vertebrate and how many vertebrae make up each section
Cervical: 7
Thoracic: 12
Lumbar: 5
Sacrum: 5 fused
Coccyx: 4 fused
33 IN TOTAL
What is the responsibility of each section in the vertebrae column
Cervical: Support Head
Thoracic: Connect Rib Cage
Lumbar: Large Weight carrying
Sacrum: Fused to Pelvis, distribute weight of upper body
Coccyx: Tail, site for muscular attachment
What are joints?
Joints are connections between two or more bones that allow for movement.
Name the joint movements
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
- Rotation
- Circumduction
- Pronation
- Supination
- Plantarflexion
- Dorsiflexion
- Inversion
- Eversion
Flexion
Angle between two bones is decreased
Extension
Angle between two bones is increased
Abduction
Movement of body part away from midline of body
Adduction
Movement of body part toward midline of body
Rotation
When a bone turns on its own axis within a joint
Circumduction
Movement of a limb in a circular fashion, normally forming cone shape
Supination
Facing palm upwards
Pronation
Face palm downwards
Plantarflexion
Occurs at ankle pointing toes downwards
