Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the 6 functions of the skeletal system?
Support, Posture, Protection, Movement, Blood cell production, Storage of minerals
What is the support function definition?
The skeleton keeps the body upright and provides a framework for muscle and tissue attachment
What is the posture/ structure function definition?
The skeleton gives the correct shape to our body
What is the protection function of the skeleton?
The bones of the skeleton protect the internal organs and reduce the risk of injury on impact
What is the movement function definition?
The skeleton allows movement of the body as a whole and its individual parts
What is the blood cell production definition?
Certain bones in the body contain bone marrow which produces red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
What is the storage of minerals function definition?
The bones store minerals and release them into the blood when the body needs to use them
What is a long bone
Bones which creates large range of movement which are longer than they are wide
What is a short bone?
Provide strength and stability- shaped roughly like a cube
What is a flat bone?
A bone that protects a vital part of the body?
3 bones in the hand?
Phalange, metacarpals, carpals
3 bones in the arm?
Humerus, radius, ulna
4 bones in the foot?
Phalanges, metatarsals, tarsals, talus
4 bones in your leg?
Femur, patella, tibia, fibula
3 bones in the back?
Scapula, vertebrae, sacrum
What is flexion and give a sporting examples
When the angle of your joint closes, found in knee and elbow, example bicep curls.
What is extension and give a sporting example
When the angle at a joint opens, found in elbow and knee. Example; cycling, darts
What is abduction and give a sporting example
Taking away a limb from the midline of the body, found in shoulder and hip. Sporting example; lateral raises, breast stroke and side karate kick
What is adduction and give a sporting example
Adduction is adding a limb to the midline of the body, found in the shoulder and hip. Sporting example; lateral raises, breast stroke, side kick karate
What is circumduction and give a sporting example
Where the limb moves in a circle, found in the shoulder and hip. Sporting example; golf swing and cricket bowling
What is rotation and give a sporting example
When the limb turns round its long axis, found in shoulder and hip. Sporting example; top spin on table tennis or regular tennis
What is plantar flexion and give a sporting example
Increase the angle at the ankle joint. Sporting example; pointing toes in ballet, running, trampolining
What is dorsi flexion and give a sporting example
Decrease the angle at the ankle joint. Sporting example; running, trampolining and squatting
What does the cartilage do in a joint
Covers the end of the articulating bone and reduces friction when movement is created. It can also act as a shock absorber
What does synovial fluid do in a joint
Lubricates the joint to allow smooth movement
What does the synovial membrane do in a joint
Produces synovial fluid within the joint which supports surrounding structures.
What does the tendon do in a joint
Joins muscle to bone, connecting joint and enabling movement
What does a ligament do in a joint
Elastic tissue that joins bone to bone. Helps to stabilise the joint and stop dislocations
What does the joint capsule do in a joint
Encloses the joint. Helps stabilise the joint
What does the bursae do in a joint
Sac filled with liquid. Stops friction between tendon and bone
What is an irregular bone. Give example
A bone with a specific shape to protect . Vertebrae
