Skeletal System

Question 1

4 curves of vertebral column and how many bones in each region

Answer 1

Cervical curve (7)
Thoracic curve (12)
Lumbar curve (5)
Sacral curve (5)

Question 2

A very tough type of attachment that hold the skull bones together.

Answer 2

Suture

Question 3

2 major events of longitudinal growth of long bones

Answer 3

1. growth of cartilage
2. replacement of cartilage by bone tissue

Question 4

2 Osteogenic Pathways

Answer 4

1. Intramembranous Ossification
2. Endochondral Ossification

Question 5

2 parts of a long bone

Answer 5

1. Diaphysis
2. Epiphysis

Question 6

2 parts of Irregular bones

Answer 6

Vertebrae
Pelvic bones

Question 7

2 parts of short bones

Answer 7

Carpals
Tarsals

Question 8

2 parts of the skull

Answer 8

Cranial bones
Facial skeleton

Question 9

4 Examples of flat bones

Answer 9

Cranial bones
Scapulae
Sternum
Ribs

Question 10

4 zones of cells and activity of epiphyseal plate

Answer 10

1. Reserve zone
2. Proliferative zone
3. Zone of maturation and hypertrophy
4. Zone of calcified matrix

Question 11

6 Parts of Long bones

Answer 11

Humerus
Radius and Ulna
Femur
Tibia and fibula
Metacarpals and Metatarsals
Phalanges

Question 12

A broken bone.

Answer 12

Fracture

Question 13

A category of bone that is cube like in shape. Provides stability and support as well as some limited motion.

Answer 13

Short bones

Question 14

A category of bone that is cylindrical in shape. Functions as levers; they move when muscle contracts. Supports the weight of the body and facilitate movement.

Answer 14

Long bones

Question 15

A category of bone that is small (round) and is shaped like a sesame seed. Protect tendons from compressive forces.

Answer 15

Sesamoid bone

Question 16

A category of bone that serves as points of attachment for muscles and often protect internal organs. Often curved.

Answer 16

Flat bone

Question 17

A category of bones that does not have any easily characterized shape. These bones tend to have more complex shapes .

Answer 17

Irregular bones

Question 18

A delicate membranous lining in the medullary cavity, where bone growth, repair, and remodeling occur.

Answer 18

Endosteum

Question 19

A doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders and injuries related to the muscuskeletal system

Answer 19

Orthopedist

Question 20

A fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of the bone.

Answer 20

Periosteum

Question 21

A hard, dense connective tissue that forms most of the adult skeleton, the support structure of the body.

Answer 21

Bone or Osseous Tissue

Question 22

a matrix that is a result when osteoid is secreted around the capillaries

Answer 22

Trabecular Matrix

Question 23

A membrane that covers the cartilage

Answer 23

Perichondrium

Question 24

A part of long bone which is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone

Answer 24

Diaphysis

Question 25

A part of sesamoid bone

Answer 25

Patella

Question 26

A part of the long bone which is the wider section at each end of the bone.

Answer 26

Epiphysis

Question 27

A pathway of ossification wherein bone develops by replacing hyaline cartilage. Bones at the base of the skull and long bones form via this ossification

Answer 27

Endochondral Ossification

Question 28

A process in which resorption of old or damaged bone takes place on the same surface where osteoblasts lay new bone to replace that which is resorbed.

Answer 28

Bone remodeling

Question 29

A semi rigid form of connective tissue, provides flexibility and smooth surfaces for movement.

Answer 29

Cartilage

Question 30

A skeletal division that forms the vertical, central axis of the body and includes all bones of the head, neck, chest, and back.

Answer 30

Axial Skeleton

Question 31

A skeletal division that includes all bones of the upper and lower limbs.

Answer 31

Appendicular skeleton

Question 32

A thin layer of cartilage that reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber; covers the epiphyses.

Answer 32

Articular Cartilage

Question 33

A type of bone marrow that contains adipose tissue (a source of energy)

Answer 33

Yellow Marrow

Question 34

A type of bone marrow where hematopoiesis takes place.

Answer 34

Red Marrow

Question 35

A type of bone that is also known as cancellous bone which contains osteocytes.

Answer 35

Spongy bone

Question 36

A type of bone tissue that is denser and stronger. It provides support and function.

Answer 36

Compact bone

Question 37

An ossification pathway wherein compact and spongy bone develops directly from sheets of mesenchymal connective tissue. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones and the clavicle are formed via this pathway.

Answer 37

Intramembranous Ossification

Question 38

An uncalcified matrix that osteoblasts secrete.

Answer 38

Osteoid

Question 39

Consists of the bones of the body.

Answer 39

Skeleton

Question 40

Four types of cells that are present in bone tissue

Answer 40

Osteoblasts Osteocytes Osteogenic cells Osteoclasts

Question 41

Functions of bone and the skeletal system

Answer 41

1. Support 2. Protection 3. Assistance in movement 4. Mineral homeostasis 5. Blood cell production 6. Triglyceride storage

Question 42

The area of growth in a long bone

Answer 42

Epiphyseal plate

Question 43

The bone cell that is responsible for bone resorption.

Answer 43

Osteoclast

Question 44

The bone cell that is responsible for forming new bone and is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and endosteum.

Answer 44

Osteoblast

Question 45

The hollow region in the diaphysis; is filled with yellow marrow.

Answer 45

Medullary Cavity

Question 46

The most common template for skeletal development.

Answer 46

Cartilage

Question 47

The primary cell of mature bone and the most common type of bone cell.

Answer 47

Osteocyte

Question 48

The process of bone development

Answer 48

Ossification (Osteogenesis)

Question 49

The process of the production of blood cells.

Answer 49

Hematopoiesis

Question 50

The softer connective tissue that fills the interior of most bone.

Answer 50

Bone Marrow

Question 51

Type of bone cells that are undifferentiated with high mitotic activity and they are the only bone cells that divide.

Answer 51

Osteogenic cell

Question 52

Where does the cartilage form?

Answer 52

Epiphyseal Side