Joints Flashcards
What gives the bones of synovial joint the ability to move smoothly against each other?
Joint cavity is filled with synovial fluid thus the articulating bone surfaces are not directly connected to each other.
Type of body movements at the ankle joint, which is a hinge joint.
Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion
The scientific study of joints.
Arthrology
The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilages, and connective tissues of the body.
Mesenchyme
Is any place where adjacent bones or bone and cartilage come together (articulate with each other) to form a connection
Joint (articulation)
Are the type of body movement that are downward and upward movements of the scapula or mandible.
Depression and Elevation
Are the type of body movement that are anterior-posterior movements of the scapula or mandible.
Protraction and Retraction
Are a type of body movement that take place within the sagittal plane and involve anterior or posterior movement of the neck, trunk, or limbs. Decrease and Increase.
Flexion and Extension
Are a type of body movement that are complex movements that involve the multiple plane joints.
Inversion and Eversion
Are a type of body movement of the scapula and are defined by the direction of movement of the glenoid cavity.
Superior and Inferior Rotation
A wide sheet of connective tissue.
Interosseous membrane
A type of body movement within the vertebral column, at a pivot joint, or at a ball and socket joint. Rotates/Twists.
Rotation
A type of body movement wherein movement of a body region is in a circular manner, in which one end of the body region being moved stays relatively stationary while the other end describes a circle.
Circumduction
A type of body movement that occur within the coronal plane and involve medial-lateral motions of the limbs, fingers, toes, or thumb. Away or back to/from midline.
Abduction and Adduction
A type of body movement from side to side movement of the mandible.
Excursion
A synovial joint wherein a rounded portion of a bone is enclosed with a ring formed partially by the articulation with another bone and partially a ligament.
Pivot Joint
A synovial joint where the shallow depression at the end of one bone articulates with a rounded structure from an adjacent bone or bones. Movement is bending and straightening, side to side movement.
Condyloid Joint
A synovial joint where the convex end of one bones articulates with the concave end of the adjoining bone. Allows only for bending and straightening motions.
Hinge joint
A synovial joint where both articulating surfaces for the bones have a saddle shape.This allows the two bones to fit together like a rider siting on a saddle. Movement is what give humans their distinctive opposable thumbs.
Saddle joint
A synovial joint that is also known as gliding joint, the articulating surfaces of the bones are flat or slightly curved and of approximately the same size, which allows the bones to slide against each other. Motion is usually small and tightly constrained.
Plane joint
A structural joint where the bones are joined by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
Cartilaginous Joint
A structural joint where the articulating surfaces of the bones are not directly connected, instead come in contact with each other within a joint cavity that is filled with a lubricating fluid.
Synovial Joint
A structural joint where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective tissue (either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage). Tough but flexible.
Fibrous Joint
A narrow band of fibrous connective tissue.
Ligament
A fluid filled space within adjacent bones. Key structural characteristic for synovial joint.
Joint Cavity
A fibrous joint wherein bones are more widley separated but are held together by ligaments.
Syndesmosis Joint
A fibrous joint that is narrow and between the roots of a tooth and the bony socket in the jaw into which the tooth fits
Gomphosis
A fibrous joint found between most bones of the skull
Suture
6 types of synovial joint
Pivot
Hinge
Condyloid
Saddle
Plane
Ball and Socket
3 types of fibrous joints
Suture
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis
3 Structural Classification of Joints
Fibrous Joint
Cartilaginous Joint
Synovial Joint
2 types of Cartilaginous Joints
Synchondrosis (hyaline cartilage)
Symphysis (fibrocartilage)
