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Life Science > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Hydrostatic skeleton make-up

A

Water

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2
Q

Exoskeleton make-up

A

Chitin

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3
Q

Endoskeleton make-up

A

Cartilage and bone

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4
Q

Which skeleton is more refined

A

Endoskeleton

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

List the microscopic structure of bone tissue

A

Haversian canal
Lacuna
Carnalicula

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7
Q

Two most numerous minerals in bones

A

Calcium
Phosphorus

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8
Q

Protein found in the bone

A

Ossein

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9
Q

Open space between the cranium bones for new borns

A

Fontanelle

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10
Q

All sutures

A

Frontal
Coronal
Sagittal
Lambdoidal
Posterior frontal

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11
Q

Different bones of Cranium(brainbox)

A

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal

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12
Q

Facial bones

A

Orbit
Maxilla
Mandible
Zygomatic arch

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13
Q

Under the Cranium and function:

A

Foremen Magnum: entrance for spinal cord
Articular Condyle: allows head movement

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14
Q

Teeth and function

A

Incisors: cutting
Canines: ripping
Molar: grinding

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15
Q

Diastema

A

Space so tong can move from cheek back to chew

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16
Q

Spinal column placement and amount of bones

A

Cervical (neck) 7
Thoracic (lungs) 12
Lumbar (lower back) 5
Sacrum (pelvis) 5
Coccyx (Tailbone) 4

17
Q

Vertebra structure

A

Neural spine (bumps)
Spinal cords (gap for spinal cord)
Transverse process (connects ribs)
Centrum

18
Q

Cartilage between vertebra and function

A

Intervertebral cartilaginous disc: allows movement and prevents friction

19
Q

Functions of atlas and axis

A

Atlas rests the skull
Axis rotates atlas for gestures

20
Q

Functions of the ribs

A

Protect heart and lungs
Changes volume for intercostal muscles

21
Q

Humerus fits into the

A

Glenoid cavity

22
Q

How have legs adapted to human bipedal walk

A

Big toe is parallel to other toes for balance
Knees absorb shock
Femur is angled inwards for walking
Pelvis is shot and wide to support upper body

23
Q

Structure of long bone

A

Epiphysis (red marrow)
Metaphysis
Diaphysis (yellow marrow)

24
Q

Flat bone function:

A

Protect or muscle attachment: ribs

25
Q

Short bones function:

A

Stability: carpals

26
Q

Irregular shape

A

Protect and muscle attachment: vertebrae

27
Q

Sesamoid bones

A

Developed in tendon: patella

28
Q

Tissues in the skeleton:

A

Cartilage: prevents friction for bones
Tendons: muscle to bone
Ligaments: bone to bone
Muscles

29
Q

Covers the ends of the bone

A

Hyaline cartilage

30
Q

Joint capsule

A

Encloses joints

31
Q

Encloses capsule

A

Synovial membrane

32
Q

Prevents friction

A

Synovial fluid

Life Science (3 decks)

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