Endocrine System Flashcards
Homeostasis
To maintain a constant internal environment in the body
Exocrine gland definition
Releases hormones into the blood stream
Endocrine gland definition
Release hormones via duct
All 7 Endocrine glands
- Pineal gland
- Pituitary gland
- Thyroid gland
- Adrenal gland
- Pancreas
- Ovaries
- Testes
Hormone definition
Chemical messenger released in response to change by endocrine gland
Hypothalamus location
Between thalamus and pituitary gland
Hormone released by hypothalamus
Anti-diuretic hormone
Pituitary gland location
Beneath hypothalamus
5 Hormones released by anterior lobe
TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
STH (Somatotropic hormone)
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
LH (Luteinising Hormone)
Prolactin
Hormones released by posterior lobe
ADH (Anti-Diuretic Hormone)
Oxytocin
Function and trigger of TSH
- Stimulate thyroid to secrete thyroxin
- Low levels of thyroxin
Function of STH
- Growth hormone that promotes growth of skeleton/muscle
Cause and effect of Gigantism
- Over secretion of STH as a child
- Abnormally tall
Cause and effect of Dwarfism
- Under secretion of STH as a child
- Abnormally short
Cause and effect of Acromegaly
- Tumour in pituitary gland causing over secretion of STH as an adult
- Hands, feet and facial bones grow
Function of prolactin
Stimulate mammary gland to produce milk after birth
Fuction of oxytocin
Causes contractions during birth
Positive feedback
A hormone is released causing another hormone to release
Function and effect of Anti Diuretic Hormone
Increases permeability of nephron tubules
- keeping more water
Negative feedback
When there is a low detection of something in the blood, there will be hormones released to maintain homeostasis
Cause and effect of Diabetes Insipidus
- low ADH released
- dehydration
Function of hormone secreted from the Thyroid
Thyroxin maintains basal metabolic rate
The 5 effects of hyperthyroidism
- Increased heart rate and metabolism
- High body temperature
- Unintentional weight loss
- Fidgety/anxious
- Protruding eyeballs
The 4 effects of hypothyroidism
- Weight gain
- Poor memory
- Intolerance to cold
- Feeling tired
The 5 causes of myxoedema
- Thickened skin
- Puffy face
- Mental decline
- Weight gain
- Sever lethargy (really bad fatigue)
The 4 causes of Cretinism
- Hypothyroidism as a child
- Lack of neural development
- Stunted growth
- Mental retardation
