Skeletal system Flashcards
What are the 4 functions of the skeleton?
- Protection
- Support and shape
- Blood cell production
- Movement
What are ligaments?
Connect bone to bone
What are tendons?
Connect muscle to bone
What is the periosteum?
Where the ligaments and tendons attach to the bone
What is articular cartilage?
Placed where 2 or more bones meet acts as a cushion and prevents friction
What is bone marrow?
Where blood cells are made
What are growth plates?
The weakest part of the bone - where growing takes place
What is the epiphysis?
The end of the bone
What is diaphysis?
The middle of the bone
What is a joint?
This is where 2 or more bones meet
What are fibrous joints?
These do not allow any movement.
Eg; Cranium
What is a cartilaginous joint?
Allows a small amount of movement
Eg; ribs when you breath
What is a synovial joint?
Freely movable joint
Parts of a synovial joint
Articular cartilage
Synovial membrane
Joint capsule
Ligaments
Bursa
Meniscus
Pad of fat
What is articular cartilage?
Material which covers the end of the bone
Prevent friction
What is a synovial membrane?
linning under joint capual which produced synovial fluid
What is a joint capsual?
Fibrous sac which contains synovial fluid
What are ligaments?
Elastic connective tissue which connects bone to muscle
Aids stability
What is a bursa?
Sac filled with synovial fluid.
What is a meniscus?
A wedge of articular cartilage.
What is a pad of fat?
There to absorb shock and prevent friction
What are the types of synovial joints?
- Ball and socket
- Hinge joint
- Pivot joint
- Gliding joint
- Condyloid joint
Example for a ball and socket joint
Shoulder and hip
Example of a hinge joint
Ankle, knee and elbow
Example of a pivot joint
Neck
Example of a gliding joint
Vertebral column
Example of a condyloid joint
Wrist
