Skeletal System Flashcards
Skeletal System Functions
- movement
- protection
- support
- red blood cell production
- mineral storage.
Bone Types
- Long
- Short
- Flat
- Irregular
- Sesamoid
Axial Skeleton
Made up of the 80 bones within the central core of your body. This includes bones in your head, neck, back and chest. Your axial skeleton protects and cushions your brain, spinal cord and organs.
Appendicular Skeleton
The appendicular skeleton is comprised of the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle and pelvis. The shoulder girdle and pelvis provide connection points between the appendicular skeleton and the axial skeleton to where mechanical loads transfer.
Median Plane
Divides the body into left and right sections
Horizontal Plane
Divides the body into superior and inferior sections
Frontal Plane
Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections
Cervical Vertabrae
These seven unfused bones essentially make up the neck and are responsible for
supporting the head
Thoracic Vertabrae
These 12 unfused bones connect the rib cage to the spinal column and form a protective shield for the heart and lungs
Lumbar Vertabrae
These five unfused bones are
the largest of the vertebrae and
have a high weight-carrying
capacity.
Sacrum
The five fused sacral vertebrae are connected to form the sacrum, which fuses to the pelvis.
Together they distribute the weight of the upper body.
Coccyx
The coccyx is sometimes referred to as the ‘tail bone’, and comprises four fused bones that form the base of the vertebral column. Its main function is to provide a site for muscle attachment to allow a multitude of movements to occur.
Types of Joints
-Fixed
-Cartilaginous
-Synovial
Pivot Joint
A uniaxial joint that only
allows rotation e.g. Atlas and Axis
Gliding Joint
Occurs where flat bones glide
past each other, usually in a
biaxial manner e.g. Carpals and Tarsals
