Cardio-Respiratory System

Question 1

Three Blood Vessels

Answer 1

• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries

Question 2

Arteries

Answer 2

Carry blood away from the heart

Question 3

Veins

Answer 3

Carry blood back to the heart

Question 4

Capillaries

Answer 4

Site of where exchange of gases between cells and blood takes place

Question 5

Four components of blood

Answer 5

• Plasma
• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Platelets

Question 6

Plasma

Answer 6

Provides cells with proteins, salts, glucose, fats, antibodies and oxygen

Question 7

Red Blood Cells

Answer 7

Transport O2 and CO2 from cells and muscles

Question 8

White Blood Cells

Answer 8

Pass through capillary walls into the body cells to fight disease

Question 9

Platelets

Answer 9

Cause blood to clot when a blood vessel is damaged

Question 10

Heart Rate (HR)

Answer 10

The number of times the heart contracts per minute (bpm)

Question 11

Stroke Volume (SV)

Answer 11

Amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heart beat (mL/ beat)

Question 12

Cardiac Output

Answer 12

Amount of blood ejected from left ventricle of the heart per minute (L/min)

Question 13

Cardiac Output Equation

Answer 13

HR x SV = Q

Question 14

Resting HR

Answer 14

60-80 BPM

Question 15

Exercise HR

Answer 15

120-160 BPM

Question 16

Maximal HR

Answer 16

220 - your age

Question 17

Systematic Circultion

Answer 17

When oxygenated blood is transported away from the heart via the left ventricle and aorta and circulated into the arteries around the body , and deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via the vena cave and into the right atrium

Question 18

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 18

When deoxygenated blood is transported away from the heart and circulated to the lungs via the right ventricle and pulmonary artery, and oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary vein and into the left atrium

Question 19

Haemoglobin

Answer 19

Protein found in red blood cells that transfers oxygen in your blood from lungs to tissue

Question 20

High Haemoglobin Advantages for Athletes

Answer 20

For an endurance athlete higher haemoglobin levels increase the bloods ability to carry oxygen enabling more O2 to be available to resynthesise ATP allowing athlete to run faster for longer

Question 21

Homeostasis

Answer 21

A constant internal environment for optimal functioning of the body and its systems

Question 22

Vasoconstriction

Answer 22

When the body is too cold and there is need for heat retention, the cardiovascular system will restrict blood flow to the skin and redirect it to the internal organd decreasing heat loss

Question 23

Vasodilation

Answer 23

A process whereby blood vessels increase their diamater causing an increase in blood flow

Question 24

A-VO2 Difference

Answer 24

• Arterio-venous oxygen difference
• The difference in the oxygen content of the blood in the arteries and veins
• How much oxygen the muscle has used

Question 25

A-VO2 Difference with exercise

Answer 25

Rest: Muscle will use approximately 5ml oxygen
Exercise: Muscle will use up to 18ml oxygen

Question 26

Diffusion

Answer 26

Diffusion is the movement of gas (oxygen and carbon dioxide) from a higher concentration
to a lower concentration