Skeletal System Flashcards by Mel Clendening

oste/o

bone

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osteopenia (os-te-o-PE-ne-ah)

lower than average bone density but not yet abnormal as with osteoporosis.

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chondr/o

cartilage

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chondroblast (KON-dro-blast)

a cartilage-forming cell

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myel/o

bone marrow; also, spinal cord

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myeloid (MI-eh-loyd)

pertaining to or resembling bone marrow

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arthr/o

joint

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arthrosis (ar-THRO-sis)

joint; condition affecting a joint

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synov/i

synovial fluid, joint, or membrane

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asynovia (ah-sin-O-ve-ah)

lack of synovial fluid

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burs/o

bursa

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peribursal (per-ih-BER-sal)

around a bursa

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Arthrodesis (ar-THROD-eh-sis) is fusion of a(n)

joint

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Myelogenous (mi-eh-LOJ-eh-nus) means originating in

bone marrow

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Osteolysis (os-te-OL-ih-sis) is destruction of

bone, bone tissue

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A chondrocyte (KON-dro-site) is a cell found in

cartilage

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A bursolith (BUR-so-lith) is a stone in a(n)

bursa

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arthrocentesis (ar-thro-sen-TE-sis)

surgical puncture of a joint

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myelopoiesis (mi-eh-lo-poy-E-sis)

formation of bone marrow

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chondrodynia (kon-dro-dih-ne-ah)

pain in cartilage

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osteoid (OS-te-oyd)

pertaining to or resembling bone

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bursitis (bur-SI-tis)

inflammation of a bursa

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synovial (sih-NO-ve-al)

pertaining to synovial fluid, joint, or membrane

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inflammation of bone and bone marrow

osteomyelitis (os-te-o-mi-eh-LI-tis)

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a bone-forming cell

osteoblast (OS-te-o-blast)

pertaining to or resembling cartilage

chondroid (KON-droyd)

any disease of a joint

arthropathy (ar-THROP-ah-the)

inflammation of a synovial membrane

synovitis (sin-no-VI-tus)

radiography of the spinal cord

myelography (mi-eh-LOG-rah-fe)

incision of a bursa

bursotomy (bur-SOT-o-me)

tumor of bone marrow

myeloma (mi-eh-LO-mah)

instrument for examining the interior of a joint

arthroscope (AR-thro-skope)

excess bone growth

hyperostosis (hi-per-os-TO-sis)

abnormal growth of bone

dysostosis (dis-os-TO-sis)

crani/o

skull, cranium

craniometry (kra-ne-OM-eh-tre)

measurement of the cranium

spondyl/o

vertebra

spondylolysis (spon-dih-LOL-ih-sis)

destruction and separation of a vertebra

vertebr/o

vertebra, spinal column

paravertebral

near the vertebrae or spinal column

rachi/o

spine

rachischisis (ra-KIS-kih-sis)

fissure (-schisis) of the spine; spina bifida;

cost/o

rib

costochondral (kos-to-KON-dral)

pertaining to a rib and its cartilage

sacr/o

sacrum

presacral (pre-SA-kral)

in front of the sacrum

coccy, coccyg/o

coccyx

coccygeal (kok-SIJ-e-al)

pertaining to the coccyx

pelvi/o

pelvis

pelviscope (PEL-vi-scope)

endoscope for examining the pelvis

ili/o

ilium

iliopelvic (il-e-o-PEL-vik)

pertaining to the ilium and pelvis

orthopedics

medical specialty that concentrates on diseases of the skeletal and muscular systems

pertaining to (-al) the skull

cranial

pertaining to (-al) rib

costal

pertaining to (-ic) the pelvis

pelvic

pertaining to (-ac) the ilium

iliac

pertaining to (-al) the spinal column

vertebral

pertaining to (-al) the sacrum

sacral

craniotomy (kra-ne-OT-o-me)

incision of the cranium (skull)

prevertebral (pre-VER-teh-bral)

before or in front of the spinal column or vertebra

spondylodynia (spon-dih-lo-DIN-e-ah)

pain in a vertebra

pelvimetry (pel-VIM-eh-tre)

measurement of the pelvis

fissure of the skull

cranioschisis (kra-ne-OS-kih-sis)

above the pelvis

suprapelvic (su-prah-PEL-vik)

pertaining to the cranium and sacrum

craniosacral (kra-ne-o-SA-kral)

pertaining to the sacrum and ilium

sacroilia (sa-kro-IL-e-ak)

surgical punture of the spine; spinal tap

rachiocentesis (ra-ke-o-sen-TE-sis); also, rachicentesis (ra-ke-sen-TE-sis)

surgical excision of a rib

costectomy (kos-TEK-to-me)

plastic repair of a vertebra (use vertebr/o)

vertebroplasty (ver-teh-bro-PLAS-te)

inflammation of the vertebrae (use spondyl/o)

spondylitis (spon-dih-LI-tis)

around the sacrum

perisacral (per-ih-SA-kral)

below the ribs

infracostal (in-frah-KOS-tal); subcostal (sub-KOS-tal)

pertaining to the ilium and coccyx

iliococcygeal (il-e-o-kok-SIJ-e-al)

excision of the coccyx

coccygectomy (kok-sih-JEK-to-me)

Pott disease

Tuberculosis of the spine. Infected vertebrae are weakened and may collapse.

traction

using pulleys and weights to maintain alignment of a fractured bone during healing

Reduction of a fracture

realignment of the broken bone

ankylosing spondylitis / rheumatoid spondylitis

chronic, progressive inflammatory disease of spinal joints and soft tissue;

ankylosis

immobility and fixation of a joint

arthritis

Inflammation of a joint

chondrosarcoma

a malignant tumor of cartilage

curvature of the spine

an exaggerated spinal curve, such as scoliosis, lordosis, or kyphosis

closed fracture

brake in the bone where there is no skin penetration

open fracture

brake in the bone where there is an accompanying skin wound

gout

a form of acute arthritis caused by deposit of uric acid salts in the joints

Bisphosphonates

medication used to strengthen weakened bones

osteomalacia

a condition where bone tissue is softened and weakened due to diminished calcium salt formation

rickets

osteomalacia in children, usually caused by a vitamin D deficiency

Paget's disease of bone

(PAJ-et) A skeletal disease of the elderly characterized by bone thickening and distortion with bowing of long bones; osteitis deformans

arthrodesis

procedure to purposefully fuse a joint in order to increase stabilization.

spondylolisthesis

when a vertebra slides forward over the vertebra below it.

arthroplasty

partial or total replacement of a joint

arthrodesis

surgical immobilization (fusion) of a joint;