skeletal system

Question 1

what are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

support, storage of calcium, protection of organs, blood cell production in bone marrow, leverage via joints

Question 2

what are the 5 bone shapes?

Answer 2

long bone, short bone, flat bone, sesamoid bone, irregular bone

Question 3

example of long bones?

Answer 3

humerus, femur

Question 4

examples of short bone?

Answer 4

carpal and tarsal (square-shaped)

Question 5

examples of flat bone?

Answer 5

scapula, skull, ribs

Question 6

examples of sesamoid bones?

Answer 6

patella

Question 7

examples of irregular bone?

Answer 7

vertebrae, sternum

Question 8

enlarged region on both ends of long bone

Answer 8

epiphysis

Question 9

area for bone growth in young animals

Answer 9

metaphysis

Question 10

shaft of the bone where bone marrow is located

Answer 10

diaphysis

Question 11

end of long bone where the bone grows from

Answer 11

epiphyseal line/plate

Question 12

what are the two types of bone?

Answer 12

cancellous/spongy bone and compact/cortical bone

Question 13

help cushion joint areas

Answer 13

cartilage

Question 14

the center of bone where bone marrow is produced

Answer 14

medullary cavity

Question 15

outer membrane/covering of bone that is the attachment site for tendons and ligaments

Answer 15

periosteum

Question 16

what are the 3 types of bone cells?

Answer 16

osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts

Question 17

mature bone cells

Answer 17

osteocytes

Question 18

secrete a matrix and supply minerals to create new bone

Answer 18

osteoblasts

Question 19

cells that breakdown and remodel bone

Answer 19

osteoclasts

Question 20

what is compact bone made up of?

Answer 20

osteons

Question 21

what two canals that contain blood vessels and nerves run along compact bone?

Answer 21

Haversian and Volkmann canals

Question 22

what is the function of canaliculi?

Answer 22

move nutrients from the bloodstream to osteocytes

Question 23

what bones make up the axial skeleton?

Answer 23

skull, ribs, vertebrae, sternum

Question 24

bones of the forehead

Answer 24

frontal bone

Question 25

caudal/behind to frontal bone

Answer 25

parietal bone

Question 26

contains ear structure, located behind the eye socket

Answer 26

temporal bone

Question 27

articulates with first vertebrae of spine, located in back of skull

Answer 27

occipital bone

Question 28

lower jaw

Answer 28

mandible

Question 29

upper jaw ventral to nasal cavity

Answer 29

maxilla

Question 30

dorsal portion of nasal cavity

Answer 30

nasal bone

Question 31

medial to side of eye socket; contains lacrimal/tear ducts

Answer 31

lacrimal bone

Question 32

cheekbones

Answer 32

zygomatic bone

Question 33

first portion of spine; contains (C1) atlas and (C2) axis

Answer 33

cervical vertebrae (C)

Question 34

second portion of the spine; usually contains about 13 vertebrae

Answer 34

thoracic (S)

Question 35

fourth portion of spine fused together into one; usually ab 3-5 vertebrae

Answer 35

sacral (S)

Question 36

third portion of the spine; usually contains ab 6-7 vertebrae

Answer 36

lumbar (L)

Question 37

final portion of spine; length depends on the length of tail

Answer 37

coccygeal (Cd)

Question 38

hole where spinal cord runs through

Answer 38

vertebral foramen

Question 39

the bony area around the vertebral foramen

Answer 39

body

Question 40

dorsal and lateral part of the vertebral foramen

Answer 40

vertebral arch

Question 41

dorsal spikes/projection of vertebrae

Answer 41

spinous process

Question 42

lateral spike/projection of vertebrae

Answer 42

transverse process

Question 43

joint with adjacent vertebrae

Answer 43

articular process

Question 44

the gummy structure between 2 vertebrae

Answer 44

intervertebral disc

Question 45

the ventral attachment site for some ribs and the dorsal attachment site for thoracic vertebrae; also called the breastbone

Answer 45

sternum

Question 46

curved flat bones that articulate with the sternum and thoracic vertebrae

Answer 46

ribs

Question 47

ribs with no connection to the sternum

Answer 47

floating ribs

Question 48

bone that creates a sling to support tongue and larynx

Answer 48

hyoid bone