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avs 333 > skeletal system > Flashcards

skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

what are the functions of the skeletal system?

A

support, storage of calcium, protection of organs, blood cell production in bone marrow, leverage via joints

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2
Q

what are the 5 bone shapes?

A

long bone, short bone, flat bone, sesamoid bone, irregular bone

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3
Q

example of long bones?

A

humerus, femur

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4
Q

examples of short bone?

A

carpal and tarsal (square-shaped)

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5
Q

examples of flat bone?

A

scapula, skull, ribs

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6
Q

examples of sesamoid bones?

A

patella

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7
Q

examples of irregular bone?

A

vertebrae, sternum

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8
Q

enlarged region on both ends of long bone

A

epiphysis

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9
Q

area for bone growth in young animals

A

metaphysis

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10
Q

shaft of the bone where bone marrow is located

A

diaphysis

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11
Q

end of long bone where the bone grows from

A

epiphyseal line/plate

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12
Q

what are the two types of bone?

A

cancellous/spongy bone and compact/cortical bone

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13
Q

help cushion joint areas

A

cartilage

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14
Q

the center of bone where bone marrow is produced

A

medullary cavity

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15
Q

outer membrane/covering of bone that is the attachment site for tendons and ligaments

A

periosteum

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16
Q

what are the 3 types of bone cells?

A

osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts

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17
Q

mature bone cells

A

osteocytes

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18
Q

secrete a matrix and supply minerals to create new bone

A

osteoblasts

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19
Q

cells that breakdown and remodel bone

A

osteoclasts

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20
Q

what is compact bone made up of?

A

osteons

21
Q

what two canals that contain blood vessels and nerves run along compact bone?

A

Haversian and Volkmann canals

22
Q

what is the function of canaliculi?

A

move nutrients from the bloodstream to osteocytes

23
Q

what bones make up the axial skeleton?

A

skull, ribs, vertebrae, sternum

24
Q

bones of the forehead

A

frontal bone

25
Q

caudal/behind to frontal bone

A

parietal bone

26
Q

contains ear structure, located behind the eye socket

A

temporal bone

27
Q

articulates with first vertebrae of spine, located in back of skull

A

occipital bone

28
Q

lower jaw

A

mandible

29
Q

upper jaw ventral to nasal cavity

A

maxilla

30
Q

dorsal portion of nasal cavity

A

nasal bone

31
Q

medial to side of eye socket; contains lacrimal/tear ducts

A

lacrimal bone

32
Q

cheekbones

A

zygomatic bone

33
Q

first portion of spine; contains (C1) atlas and (C2) axis

A

cervical vertebrae (C)

34
Q

second portion of the spine; usually contains about 13 vertebrae

A

thoracic (S)

35
Q

fourth portion of spine fused together into one; usually ab 3-5 vertebrae

A

sacral (S)

36
Q

third portion of the spine; usually contains ab 6-7 vertebrae

A

lumbar (L)

37
Q

final portion of spine; length depends on the length of tail

A

coccygeal (Cd)

38
Q

hole where spinal cord runs through

A

vertebral foramen

39
Q

the bony area around the vertebral foramen

A

body

40
Q

dorsal and lateral part of the vertebral foramen

A

vertebral arch

41
Q

dorsal spikes/projection of vertebrae

A

spinous process

42
Q

lateral spike/projection of vertebrae

A

transverse process

43
Q

joint with adjacent vertebrae

A

articular process

44
Q

the gummy structure between 2 vertebrae

A

intervertebral disc

45
Q

the ventral attachment site for some ribs and the dorsal attachment site for thoracic vertebrae; also called the breastbone

A

sternum

46
Q

curved flat bones that articulate with the sternum and thoracic vertebrae

A

ribs

47
Q

ribs with no connection to the sternum

A

floating ribs

48
Q

bone that creates a sling to support tongue and larynx

A

hyoid bone

avs 333 (2 decks)

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