Skeletal System Flashcards
What refers to the two bulbous ends of a long bone?
Epiphysis
What cartilage covers the ends of epiphysis?
Articular cartilage
What cells are responsible for the formation of bones?
Osteoblasts
What cells are involved in removing the calcified bone matrix as well as bone remodeling and reabsorption?
Osteoclasts
What type of bone tissue forms most of the diaphysis of long bones?
Compact bone
What type of bone tissue forms most of the epiphysis of long bones?
Spongy bone
What refers to the tiny canals within the lamellae that transport nutrients to the osteocytes?
Canaliculi
What happens to the osteoblasts once it is surrounded by their secreted matrix?
They will become osteocytes.
What do you call the mature bone cells responsible for bone’s viability?
Osteocytes
What type of ossification happens when bone formation occurs within connective tissue membranes?
Intramembranous ossification
What type of ossification happens when bone formation occurs within the hyaline cartilage?
Endochondral ossification
During endochondral ossification, what ossification center occurs at the diaphysis?
Primary ossification center
What forms during bone growth and disappears upon completion of bone development in adulthood?
Epiphyseal plate
What zone in the epiphyseal cartilage has no cellular proliferation present?
Zone of reserve
What zone in the epiphyseal cartilage contains swollen and terminally differentiated chondrocytes?
Zone of hypertrophy
What zone in the epiphyseal cartilage where you can see chondrocytes that are about to undergo apoptosis?
Zone of calcified cartilage
What hormone from the thyroid gland inhibits bone resorption and directly targets osteoclasts?
Calcitonin
What refers to the articulation where two bones come together?
Joints
A joint that contains fluid in the cavity surrounding the ends of articulating bones.
Synovial joint
What functional category of joints allows very limited or no movements?
Synarthroses
What functional category of joints can be found in the elbow and knees that allow free bone movement?
Diarthroses
What is the only type of bone that does not articulate with another bone?
Hyoid bone
True or False.
Paranasal sinuses decrease the weight of the skull and act as a resonating chamber during voice production.
True
What will happen to the bone if it lacks minerals?
The bone will only consist of collagen - making it too flexible.
