Skeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
Two types of skeleton
A
Appendicular, Axial
2
Q
How many bones in Axial
A
80
3
Q
How many bones in Appendicular
A
126
4
Q
Total bones in human body?
A
206
5
Q
Functions of the Skeletal System
A
support
6
Q
long
A
leverage
7
Q
short
A
stability
8
Q
flat
A
protects muscles
9
Q
irregular
A
protects organs
10
Q
Sesamoid
A
protects tendonds
11
Q
Epiphysis
A
end
12
Q
Diaphysis
A
shaft
13
Q
Articular Cartilage
A
padding
14
Q
Periosteum
A
membrane
15
Q
Medullary Cavity
A
hollow chamber filled with bone marrow
16
Q
Functions of Red Bone Marrow
A
blood
17
Q
Functions of Yellow Bone Marrow
A
fat
18
Q
Compact Bone Tissue
A
wall of diaphysis
19
Q
Spongy Bone Tissue
A
red marrow
20
Q
Pivot Joint
A
(vertebrae in neck area)
21
Q
Hinge Joint
A
(elbow)
22
Q
Saddle Joint
A
(thumb)
23
Q
Ball and Socket Joint
A
(hip)
24
Q
Condyloid Joint
A
(wrist)
25
Plane Joint
(between tarsals)
26
Flexion/Extension
Movements that take place within the sagittal plane and involve anterior or posterior movements of the body or limbs. For the vertebral column, flexion (anterior flexion) is an anterior (forward) bending of the neck or body, while extension involves a posterior-directed motion, such as straightening from a flexed position or bending backward.
27
Abduction/Adduction/Circumduction
Movement of a body region in a circular manner, in which one end of the body region being moved stays relatively stationary while the other end describes a circle.
28
Rotation
Rotation can occur within the vertebral column, at a pivot joint, or at a ball-and-socket joint.
29
Supination/Pronation
It helps to remember that supination is the motion you use when scooping up soup with a spoon.
30
Dorsiflexion/Plantar Flexion
Lifting the front of the foot, so that the top of the foot moves toward the anterior leg is dorsiflexion, while lifting the heel of the foot from the ground or pointing the toes downward is plantar flexion.
31
Inversion/Eversion
Inversion is the turning of the foot to angle the bottom of the foot toward the midline, while eversion turns the bottom of the foot away from the midline.
32
Protraction/Retraction
For the mandible, protraction occurs when the lower jaw is pushed forward, to stick out the chin, while retraction pulls the lower jaw backward
33
Depression/Elevation
Similarly, elevation of the mandible is the upward movement of the lower jaw used to close the mouth or bite on something, and depression is the downward movement that produces opening of the mouth.
34
Opposition/Reposition
Opposition is the thumb movement that brings the tip of the thumb in contact with the tip of a finger. Thumb opposition is produced by a combination of flexion and abduction of the thumb at this joint.
35
How many bones are in the cranium?
22
36
What is the only movable bone in your skull?
lower jaw
37
How many vertebrae are in cervical?
7
38
How many vertebrae are in thoracic?
12
39
How many vertebrae are in lumbar?
5
40
Scoliosis
is an abnormal, lateral curvature, accompanied by twisting of the vertebral column. Scoliosis is the most common vertebral abnormality among girls.
41
Kyphosis
also referred to as humpback or hunchback, is an excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region
42
Lordosis
or swayback, is an excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar region and is most commonly associated with obesity or late pregnancy
43
What does the thoracic cage protect?
heart and lungs
44
Three types of ribs, and how many of each?
Ribs 1–7 are classified as true ribs (vertebrosternal ribs).
Ribs 8–12 are called false ribs (vertebrochondral ribs).
The last two false ribs (11–12) are also called floating ribs (vertebral ribs).
45
Main bones of the pectoral girdle
The scapula (shoulder blade) lies on the posterior aspect of the shoulder. It is supported by the clavicle,
46
Humerus (describe its location)
upper forarm
47
Radius (describe its location)
behind humerus
48
Ulna (describe its location)
in between the humerus and raduis
49
Carpals (describe its location)
hand ones
50
Metacarpals (describe its location)
nuckles
51
Phalanges (describe its location)
tips of fingers
52
Femur (describe its location)
where your thigh is.
53
Tibia (describe its location)
leg bone under the knee
54
Fibula (describe its location)
behind the tibia
55
Tarsals (describe its location)
feet bones
56
Metatarsals (describe its location)
middle of foot
57
closed fracture
skin remains intact
58
open fracture
at least 1 end of the broken bone tears through the skin
59
transverse fracture
straight across the long axis of the bone
60
spiral fracture
pulled apart in a twisting motion
61
comminuted fracture
many small fractures
62
impacted fracture
one fracture driven into the other
63
greenstick fracture
a partial fracture where one side on the bone is broken
64
oblique fracture
angle that is not 90
