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Stella Sulser > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Two types of skeleton

A

Appendicular, Axial

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2
Q

How many bones in Axial

A

80

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3
Q

How many bones in Appendicular

A

126

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4
Q

Total bones in human body?

A

206

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5
Q

Functions of the Skeletal System

A

support

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6
Q

long

A

leverage

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7
Q

short

A

stability

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8
Q

flat

A

protects muscles

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9
Q

irregular

A

protects organs

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10
Q

Sesamoid

A

protects tendonds

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11
Q

Epiphysis

A

end

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12
Q

Diaphysis

A

shaft

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13
Q

Articular Cartilage

A

padding

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14
Q

Periosteum

A

membrane

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15
Q

Medullary Cavity

A

hollow chamber filled with bone marrow

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16
Q

Functions of Red Bone Marrow

A

blood

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17
Q

Functions of Yellow Bone Marrow

A

fat

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18
Q

Compact Bone Tissue

A

wall of diaphysis

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19
Q

Spongy Bone Tissue

A

red marrow

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20
Q

Pivot Joint

A

(vertebrae in neck area)

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21
Q

Hinge Joint

A

(elbow)

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22
Q

Saddle Joint

A

(thumb)

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23
Q

Ball and Socket Joint

A

(hip)

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24
Q

Condyloid Joint

A

(wrist)

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25
Q

Plane Joint

A

(between tarsals)

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26
Q

Flexion/Extension

A

Movements that take place within the sagittal plane and involve anterior or posterior movements of the body or limbs. For the vertebral column, flexion (anterior flexion) is an anterior (forward) bending of the neck or body, while extension involves a posterior-directed motion, such as straightening from a flexed position or bending backward.

27
Q

Abduction/Adduction/Circumduction

A

Movement of a body region in a circular manner, in which one end of the body region being moved stays relatively stationary while the other end describes a circle.

28
Q

Rotation

A

Rotation can occur within the vertebral column, at a pivot joint, or at a ball-and-socket joint.

29
Q

Supination/Pronation

A

It helps to remember that supination is the motion you use when scooping up soup with a spoon.

30
Q

Dorsiflexion/Plantar Flexion

A

Lifting the front of the foot, so that the top of the foot moves toward the anterior leg is dorsiflexion, while lifting the heel of the foot from the ground or pointing the toes downward is plantar flexion.

31
Q

Inversion/Eversion

A

Inversion is the turning of the foot to angle the bottom of the foot toward the midline, while eversion turns the bottom of the foot away from the midline.

32
Q

Protraction/Retraction

A

For the mandible, protraction occurs when the lower jaw is pushed forward, to stick out the chin, while retraction pulls the lower jaw backward

33
Q

Depression/Elevation

A

Similarly, elevation of the mandible is the upward movement of the lower jaw used to close the mouth or bite on something, and depression is the downward movement that produces opening of the mouth.

34
Q

Opposition/Reposition

A

Opposition is the thumb movement that brings the tip of the thumb in contact with the tip of a finger. Thumb opposition is produced by a combination of flexion and abduction of the thumb at this joint.

35
Q

How many bones are in the cranium?

A

22

36
Q

What is the only movable bone in your skull?

A

lower jaw

37
Q

How many vertebrae are in cervical?

A

7

38
Q

How many vertebrae are in thoracic?

A

12

39
Q

How many vertebrae are in lumbar?

A

5

40
Q

Scoliosis

A

is an abnormal, lateral curvature, accompanied by twisting of the vertebral column. Scoliosis is the most common vertebral abnormality among girls.

41
Q

Kyphosis

A

also referred to as humpback or hunchback, is an excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region

42
Q

Lordosis

A

or swayback, is an excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar region and is most commonly associated with obesity or late pregnancy

43
Q

What does the thoracic cage protect?

A

heart and lungs

44
Q

Three types of ribs, and how many of each?

A

Ribs 1–7 are classified as true ribs (vertebrosternal ribs).
Ribs 8–12 are called false ribs (vertebrochondral ribs).
The last two false ribs (11–12) are also called floating ribs (vertebral ribs).

45
Q

Main bones of the pectoral girdle

A

The scapula (shoulder blade) lies on the posterior aspect of the shoulder. It is supported by the clavicle,

46
Q

Humerus (describe its location)

A

upper forarm

47
Q

Radius (describe its location)

A

behind humerus

48
Q

Ulna (describe its location)

A

in between the humerus and raduis

49
Q

Carpals (describe its location)

A

hand ones

50
Q

Metacarpals (describe its location)

A

nuckles

51
Q

Phalanges (describe its location)

A

tips of fingers

52
Q

Femur (describe its location)

A

where your thigh is.

53
Q

Tibia (describe its location)

A

leg bone under the knee

54
Q

Fibula (describe its location)

A

behind the tibia

55
Q

Tarsals (describe its location)

A

feet bones

56
Q

Metatarsals (describe its location)

A

middle of foot

57
Q

closed fracture

A

skin remains intact

58
Q

open fracture

A

at least 1 end of the broken bone tears through the skin

59
Q

transverse fracture

A

straight across the long axis of the bone

60
Q

spiral fracture

A

pulled apart in a twisting motion

61
Q

comminuted fracture

A

many small fractures

62
Q

impacted fracture

A

one fracture driven into the other

63
Q

greenstick fracture

A

a partial fracture where one side on the bone is broken

64
Q

oblique fracture

A

angle that is not 90

Stella Sulser (10 decks)

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