Skeletal System Flashcards
Axiel
the braincase (cranium) and the backbone and ribs, and it serves primarily to protect the central nervous system
Appendicular
The appendicular skeleton is comprised of the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle and pelvis.
How many bones in axial
the hyoid bone, the rib cage, sternum and the vertebral column.
How many bones in appendicular
the femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsal bones, metatarsal bones, and phalanges.
total bones in human body
206
function of skeletal system
support structure for your body.
Classifications of bones
long, short, flat and irregular.
epiphysis
the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft.
diaphysis
the shaft or central part of a long bone.
articular cartilage
smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints
periosteum
a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.
medullary cavity
the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow
function of red bone marrow
the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
function of yellow bone marrow
aids in the storage of fats in cells
compact bone tissue
dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts
spongy bone tissue
lighter and less dense than compact bone
pivot
uniaxial joint allows rotational movement
hinge
the uniaxial joint allows flexion movement
condyloid
the biaxial joint allows flexion abduction
saddle
biaxial joint circumduction movement
plane
multiaxial joint allows inversion and eversion of foot or flexion extension
ball- and- socket
multiaxial joint allows flexion extension
Flexion
Flexion refers to a movement that decreases the angle between two body parts.
Abduction
Abduction and adduction are motions of the limbs, hand, fingers, or toes in the coronal.
rotation
the action of rotating around an axis or center.
supination
Supination and pronation are terms used to describe the up or down orientation of your hand, arm, or foot
/plantar flexion
Plantar flexion is the movement that allows you to press the gas pedal of your car
inversion
inversion describes the motion when an ankle is twisted.
protraction
During protraction, the scapulae move away from the spine as you round the upper back
depression
; if the line of sight is downward from the horizontal, the angle is an angle of depression.
opposition
Opposition brings the thumb and little finger together.
Transverse
occurs straight across the long side of the bone
oblique
occurs at an angle that is not 90 degrees
spiral
bone segments are pulled apart as a result of a twisting motion
comminuted
several breaks result in many small pieces between two large segments
impacted
one fragment is driven into the other usually results of compression
greenstick
a partial fracture in which only one side of the broken
open(or compound)
a fracture in which at least one end of the broken bone tears through the skin
closed (or simple)
a fracture in which the skin remains intact
Humerus
the arm bone between your shoulder and your elbow.
radius
one of the two bones that make up the forearm
ulna
It forms the elbow joint with the humerus and also articulates with the radius both proximally and distally
carpals
he eight small bones that make up the wrist (or carpus) that connects the hand to the forearm
metacrapals
any of several tubular bones between the wrist (carpal) bones and each of the forelimb digits
phalanges
the tubular bones of the fingers and thumb
femur
the longest and strongest bone in your body.
tibia
lower leg
Tibia and fibula are the two long bones located in the lower leg
fibula
lower leg
Tibia and fibula are the two long bones located in the lower leg
tarsals
a set of seven irregularly shaped bones
metatarsals
the bones of the forefoot that connect the distal aspects of the cuneiform
extension
Extension refers to a movement that increases the angle between two body parts.
retraction
In retraction, the scapulae move towards the spine and towards each other.
elevation
. If the line of sight is upward from the horizontal, the angle is an angle of elevation
reposition
Reposition is a movement that moves the thumb and the little finger away from each other, effectively reversing opposition.
pronation
Supination and pronation are terms used to describe the up or down orientation of your hand, arm, or foot
dorsiflexion
Dorsiflexion is the backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot.
Circumduction
Circumduction is the movement of the limb, hand, or fingers in a circular pattern
adduction
Abduction and adduction are motions of the limbs, hand, fingers, or toes in the coronal
extension
Extension refers to a movement that increases the angle between two body parts.
the scapula
shoulder blade, is a large triangular-shaped bone that lies in the upper back
clavicle
the bone that connects the breastplate (sternum) to the shoulder
tarsals
in the foot
metatarsals
in the foot
phalanges
in the foot
lateral /medial condyle
by the calves
lateral/medial malleolus
in the calves
