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MSAK Review > Skeletal Muscles of Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Skeletal Muscles of Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius: ‘origin and insertion

A 
Origin: 
External occipital protuberance
Medial 1/3 superior nuchal line of occipital bone
Nuchal Ligament
SP's of C7 & T1-12 vertebrae

Insertion:
Lateral 1/3 clavicle
Acromion
Spine of scapula

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2
Q

Trapezius: ‘actions’

A

Elevation, lateral/upward rotation of scapula (scapulocostal joint), lateral flexion of neck & head at spinal joints (bilaterally) and extends head at the spinal joints (upper fibers)

Retract scapula at the scapulocostal joint (middle fibers)

Depression and lateral/upward rotation of scapula at the scapulocostal joint (lower fibers)

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3
Q

Trapezius: ‘nerve’

A

spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

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4
Q

Rhomboid minor and major: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
Minor: SP of C7-T1
Major: SPs of T2-T5

Insertion:
Minor: medial board of scapula (at root of spine)
Major: medial board of scapula (between spine and inferior angle of scapula)

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5
Q

Rhomboid minor and major: ‘actions’

A

retract, elevates and downwardly (medially) rotates scapula and scapulocostal joint

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6
Q

Rhomboid minor and major: ‘nerve’

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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7
Q

Levator scapulae: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
TVPs of C1-4

Insertion:
medial border of scapula - above spine

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8
Q

Levator scapulae: ‘actions’

A

elevates and downward (medially) rotates scapula at scapulocostal joint

extends and laterally flexes (ipsilaterally) neck at spinal joints

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9
Q

Levator scapulae: ‘nerve’

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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10
Q

Pectoralis minor: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
anterior surfaces of ribs 3-5 near costocartilage joints

Insertion:
coracoid process of scapula

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11
Q

Pectoralis minor: ‘actions’

A

depresses, protracts, and downwardly (medially) rotates scapula at scapulocostal joint

raises ribs 3-5 at sternocostal and costospinal joints during forced inhalation

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12
Q

Pectoralis minor: ‘nerve’

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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13
Q

Serratus anterior: ‘ origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
Anterolateral aspect of ribs 1-9

Insertion:
anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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14
Q

Serratus anterior: ‘actions’

A

protracts and upwardly (laterally) rotates scapula at scapulocostal joint (protraction = stabilizing scapula on rib cage)

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15
Q

Serratus anterior: ‘nerve’

A

long thoracic nerve

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16
Q

Subclavius: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
rib 1

Insertion:
middle 1/3 of inferior surface of clavicle

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17
Q

Subclavius: ‘actions’

A

Depresses the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint

Elevates the 1st rib at the sternocostal and costospinal joints

Stabilizes the clavicle

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18
Q

Subclavius: ‘nerve’

A

subclavian nerve (branches of brachial plexus)

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19
Q

Deltoid: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
lateral 1/3 of clavicle (ant fiber)
acromion process (middle fiber)
spine of scapula (post fiber)

Insertion:
deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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20
Q

Deltoid: ‘actions’

A

ABD (majority medial), flexion and IR (ant), extension and ER (post) of humerus

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21
Q

Deltoid: ‘nerve’

A

axillary nerve

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22
Q

Supraspinatus: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion:
superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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23
Q

Supraspinatus: ‘actions’

A

ABDuct and flexes arm at GH joint

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24
Q

Supraspinatus: ‘nerve’

A

suprascapular nerve

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25
Infraspinatus: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
26
Infraspinatus: 'actions'
laterally rotates the humerus at the shoulder joint
27
Infraspinatus: 'nerve'
suprascapular nerve
28
Teres minor: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: superior 2/3 of dorsal surface of superior lateral border of the scapula Insertion: inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
29
Teres minor: 'actions'
laterally rotates and ADDucts arm at the GH joint
30
Teres minor: 'nerve'
axillary nerves
31
Subscapularis: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus
32
Subscapularis: 'actions'
medially rotates humerus at GH joint
33
Subscapularis: 'nerve'
upper and lower subscapular nerves
34
Coracobrachialis: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: coracoid process of scapula Insertion: middle 1/3 of the medial surface of the humerus
35
Coracobrachialis: 'action'
flexes and ADDucts the arm at the GH joint
36
Coracobrachialis: 'nerve'
musculocutaneous nerve
37
Triceps brachii: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula lateral head - proximal 1/3 of posterior shaft of humerus (superior to radial groove) medial head - distal 2/3 of posterior shaft of humerus (inferior to radial groove) Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
38
Triceps brachii: 'actions'
all heads - extend the forearm at elbow joint | long head - extends humerus at GH joint
39
Triceps brachii: 'nerve'
radial nerve
40
Anconeus: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: lateral side of olecranon process of ulna proximal 1/4 of posterior ulna
41
Anconeus: 'actions'
extends forearm at elbow joint
42
Anconeus: 'nerve'
radial nerve
43
Biceps brachii: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula short head - coracoid process of the scapula Insertion: radial tuberosity of radius bicipitial aponeurosis (tendon sheet that attaches to prox ulna)
44
Biceps brachii: 'actions'
Supination of the forearm at radioulnar joints. Flexion of the humerus at GH joint. Flexion of forearm at elbow joint
45
Biceps brachii: 'nerve'
musculocutaneous nerve
46
Brachialis: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: distal 1/2 of anterior surface of humerus Insertion: ulnar tuberosity and the coronoid process of the ulnar
47
Brachialis: 'action'
flexes of the forearm at the elbow joint
48
Brachialis: 'nerve'
musculocutaneous nerve
49
Pectoralis major: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: medial 1/2 of the clavicle sternum costal cartilages of ribs 1-7 Insertion: lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus
50
Pectoralis major: 'actions'
ADDucts, IR, flexes, extends, and horizontally ADDucts arm at the GH joint
51
Pectoralis major: 'nerve'
medial and lateral pectoral nerve
52
Latissimus dorsi: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: SPs of T7-L5 posterior sacrum posterior iliac crest via thoracolumbar fascia (ribs 9-12 and inferior angle of scapula?) Insertion: medial lip/floor or bicipital groove of humerus
53
Latissimus dorsi: 'actions'
IR, ADDucts, and extends arm at the GH joint | anteriorly tilts pelvis
54
Latissimus dorsi: 'nerve'
thoracodorsal nerve
55
Teres major: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: inferior 1/3 on the dorsal surface of inferior angle and inferior lateral border of scapula Insertion: medial lip of the bicipital groove of humerus
56
Teres major: 'action'
IR, ADDucts, and extends arm at the GH joint
57
Teres major: 'nerve'
lower subscapular nerve
58
Pronator teres: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: humeral head - medial epicondyle of humerus via CFT and medial supracondylar ridge of humerus ulnar head - medial surface of coronoid process of ulna Insertion: middle 1/3 of lateral radius
59
Pronator teres: 'action'
pronates forearm at radioulnar joint | (weakly) flexes forearm at elbow joint
60
Pronator teres: 'nerve'
median nerve
61
Pronator quadratus: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: distal 1/4 of anterior ulna Insertion: distal 1/4 of anterior radius
62
Pronator quadratus: 'action'
pronates forearm at RU joint
63
Pronator quadratus: 'nerve'
median nerve
64
Supinator: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus and supinator crest of the proximal ulna Insertion: proximal 1/3 of radius (post, lat, and anterior sides)
65
Supinator: 'action'
supinates forearm at RU joint
66
Supinator: 'nerve'
radial nerve
67
Flexor carpi radialis: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus via CFT Insertion: anterior side of base of second and third MC
68
Flexor carpi radialis: 'action'
flexes and radially deviates hand at wrist joint | (weakly) flexes forearm at elbow joint
69
Flexor carpi radialis: 'nerve'
median nerve
70
Palmaris longus: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus via CFT Insertion: palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum of palm of hand
71
Palmaris longus: 'action'
flexes the hand at the wrist joint | (weakly) flexes forearm and elbow joint
72
Palmaris longus: 'nerve'
median nerve
73
Flexor carpi ulnaris: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: medial epicondlye of humerus via CFT medial margin of olecranon posterior proximal 2/3 of ulna Insertion: pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal
74
Flexor carpi ulnaris: 'action'
flexes and ulnar deviation of hand at the wrist joint | (weakly) flexes forearm at elbow joint
75
Flexor carpi ulnaris: 'nerve'
ulnar nerve
76
Brachioradialis: 'origin and insertion'
Origin; proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: styloid process of radius
77
Brachioradialis: 'action'
flexion of forearm at elbow joint (especially at neutral)
78
Brachioradialis: 'nerve'
radial nerve
79
Extensor carpi radialis longus: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: posterior side of base of second MC
80
Extensor carpi radialis longus: 'actions'
extends and radially deviates the hand at the wrist joint
81
Extensor carpi radialis longus: 'nerve'
radial nerve
82
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus via the CET Insertion: posterior side of base of third metacarpal
83
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: 'action'
extends and radially deviates hand at wrist joint
84
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: 'nerve'
radial nerve
85
Extensor carpi ulnaris: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus via CET and posterior middle 1/3 of ulna Insertion: posterior side of base of fifth metacarpal
86
Extensor carpi ulnaris: 'action'
extends and ulnar deviates hand at wrist joint | (weak) extension of forearm at elbow joint
87
Extensor carpi ulnaris: 'nerve'
radial nerve
88
Extensor digitorum: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus via CET Insertion: base of middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 on dorsal surface via DDE
89
Extensor digitorum: 'action'
extension of fingers at MCP, PIP and DIP joints extension of hand at wrist joint (weak) extension of forearm at elbow joint
90
Extensor digitorum: 'nerve'
radial nerve
91
Extensor digiti minimi: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus via CET Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of fifth finger via DDE
92
Extensor digiti minimi: 'action'
extension of fifth finger extension of hand at wrist joint (weak) extension of forearm at elbow joint
93
Extensor digiti minimi: 'nerve'
radial nerve
94
Flexor digitorum superficialis: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: humeroulnar head - medial epicondyle of humerus via CFT and coronoid process of ulna radial head - prox 1/2 of anterior shaft of radius (jsut distal to radial tuberosity) Insertion: via 4 tendons that divide into two slips that attach onto the side of anterior surface of middle phalanx
95
Flexor digitorum superficialis: 'action'
flexes fingers 2-5 at MCP and PIP joint | flexes hand at wrist joint
96
Flexor digitorum superficialis: 'nerve'
median nerve
97
Flexor digitorum profundus: 'origin and insertion'
Origin: proximal 1/2 of medial/anterior ulna and IOM Insertion: distal phalanges of anterior surface of fingers 2-5
98
Flexor digitorum profundus: 'action'
flexes fingers 2-5 at MCP, PIP and DIP | flexes hand at wrist joint
99
Flexor digitorum profundus: 'nerve'
median and ulnar nerve
100
Flexor pollicis longus: 'o and i'
``` O: anterior surface of radius IOM medial epicondyle of humerus coronoid process of ulna ``` I: anterior aspect of the base of distal phalanx of thum
101
Flexor pollicis longus: 'action'
flexes thumb at CMC, MCP and IP joints | flexes hand at wrist joint
102
Flexor pollicis longus: 'nerve'
median nerve
103
Abductor pollicis longus: 'o and i'
O: middle 1/3 of posterior radius and ulna IOM I; lateral side of base of first MC
104
Abductor pollicis longus: 'action'
ABD and extends thumb at CMC joint
105
Abductor pollicis longus: 'nerve'
radial nerve
106
Extensor pollicis brevis: 'o and i'
O: distal 1/3 of posterior radius IOM I: posterolateral base of proximal phalanx of first MC
107
Extensor pollicis brevis: 'action'
extends thumb at CMC and MCP joint | ABD thumb at CMC joint
108
Extensor pollicis brevis: 'nerve'
radial nerve
109
Extensor pollicis longus: 'o and i'
O; middle 1/3 of post ulna IOM I: DDE onto posterior surface of the distal phalanx of thumb
110
Extensor pollicis brevis: 'action'
extends thumb at CMC, MCP and IP joint | laterally rotates and ADD thumb at CMC joint
111
Extensor pollicis brevis: 'nerve'
radial nerve
112
Extensor indicis: 'o and i'
O; distal 1/3 of post ulna IOM I: via ulnar side of ED mm tendon onto the post surface of middle and distal phalanges of index finger via DDE
113
Extensor indicis: 'action'
extends index finger at MCP, PIP and DIP joints | extends hand at wrist joint
114
Extensor indicis; 'nerve'
radial nerve
115
Abductor pollicis brevis: 'o and i'
O: flexor retinaculum tubercle of scaphoid tubercle of trapezium I: radial side of base of prox phalanx of thumb and DDE
116
Abductor pollicis brevis: 'action'
ABD thumb at CMC joint Flex thumb at MCP joint Ext thumb at CMC and IP joint
117
Abductor pollicis brevis: 'nerve'
median nerve
118
Flexor pollicis brevis: 'o and i'
O: flexor retinaculum trapezium I: radial side of base of prox phalanx of thumb
119
Flexor pollicis brevis: 'action'
flexes thumb at CMC and MCP joint | ABD thumb at CMC joint
120
Flexor pollicis brevis: 'nerve'
median and ulnar nerve
121
Opponens pollicis: 'o and i'
O: flexor retinaculum tubercle of trapezium I: anterior surface and radial border of first MC
122
Opponens pollicis: 'action'
opposes, flexes, medially rotates, ABD thumb at CMC joint
123
Opponens pollicis: 'nerve'
median and ulnar nerve
124
Abductor digiti minimi: 'o and i'
O; pisiform tendon of FCU I: ulnar side of base of prox phalanx of fifth finger and DDE
125
Abductor digiti minimi: 'action'
ABD finger 5 at MCP (and CMC) joint | Extend finger 5 at PIP and DIP
126
Abductor digiti minimi: 'nerve'
ulnar nerve
127
Flexor digiti minimi manus: 'o and i'
O: hook of hamate flexor retinaculum I: ulnar side of base of prox phalanx of fifth finger
128
Flexor digiti minimi manus: 'action'
flex finger 5 at MCP (and CMC) joint
129
Flexor digiti minimi manus: 'nerve'
ulnar nerve
130
Opponens digiti minimi: 'o and i'
O: hook of hamate flexor retinaculum I: ant surface and medial border of 5th MC
131
Opponens digiti minimi: 'action'
opposes (flex, lat rotates, and ADD) finger 5 at CMC joint
132
Opponens digiti minimi: 'nerve'
ulnar nerve
133
Adductor pollicis: 'o and i'
O: oblique head - ant base of second and third MC and capitate transverse head - distal 2/3 of ant surface of third MC I: medial side of base of prox phalanx and DDE
134
Adductor pollicis: 'action'
Adducts thumb at CMC joint | ext thumb at IP joint
135
Adductor pollicis: 'nerve'
ulnar nerve
136
Lumbricals manus: 'o and i'
O: distal tendon of FDP 1: rad side of finger 2 2: rad side of finger 3 3: ulnar side of finger 3 and rad side of finger 4 4: ulnar side of finger 4 and radial side of finger 5 ``` I: Distal tendon of ED via DDE 1: tendon of finger 2 2: finger 3 3: finger 4 4: finger 5 ```
137
Lumbricals manus: 'action'
extend fingers 2-5 at PIP and DIP flex fingers 2-5 at MCP joint (ABD/ADD fingers 2-5)
138
Lumbricals manus: 'nerve'
median and ulnar nerve
139
Palmar interossei: 'o and i'
O: 1: MC middle finger side of finger 2 2: MC middle finger side of finger 4 3: MC middle finger side of finger 5 I: 1: prox phalanx base on middle finger side of finger 2 2: prox phalanx base on middle finger side of finger 4 3: prox phalanx base on middle finger side of finger 5
140
Palmar interossei: 'action'
ADD fingers 2, 4, 5 at MCP joint | ext fingers 2, 4, 5 at PIP and DIP
141
Palmar interossei: 'nerve'
ulnar nerve
142
Dorsal interossei: 'o and i'
``` O: MC of fingers 1-5 1: MC of finger 1 and 2 2: MC of finger 2 and 3 3: MC of finger 3 and 4 4: MC of finger 4 and 5 ``` I: 1: lat side of finger 2 2: lat side of finger 3 3: medial side of finger 3 4. medial side of finger 4
143
Dorsal interossei: ' action'
ABD (and flex) fingers 2-4 at MCP joint | ext fingers 2-4 at PIP and DIP
144
Dorsal interossei: 'nerve'
ulnar nerve
145
Palmaris brevis: 'o and i'
O: flexor retinaculum palmar aponeurosis I: dermis of medial border of hand
146
Palmaris brevis: 'action'
wrinkle skin in palm
147
Palmaris brevis: 'nerve'
ulnar nerve

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