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MSAK Review > Skeletal Muscles of Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Skeletal Muscles of Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius: ‘origin and insertion

A 
Origin: 
External occipital protuberance
Medial 1/3 superior nuchal line of occipital bone
Nuchal Ligament
SP's of C7 & T1-12 vertebrae

Insertion:
Lateral 1/3 clavicle
Acromion
Spine of scapula

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2
Q

Trapezius: ‘actions’

A

Elevation, lateral/upward rotation of scapula (scapulocostal joint), lateral flexion of neck & head at spinal joints (bilaterally) and extends head at the spinal joints (upper fibers)

Retract scapula at the scapulocostal joint (middle fibers)

Depression and lateral/upward rotation of scapula at the scapulocostal joint (lower fibers)

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3
Q

Trapezius: ‘nerve’

A

spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

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4
Q

Rhomboid minor and major: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
Minor: SP of C7-T1
Major: SPs of T2-T5

Insertion:
Minor: medial board of scapula (at root of spine)
Major: medial board of scapula (between spine and inferior angle of scapula)

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5
Q

Rhomboid minor and major: ‘actions’

A

retract, elevates and downwardly (medially) rotates scapula and scapulocostal joint

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6
Q

Rhomboid minor and major: ‘nerve’

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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7
Q

Levator scapulae: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
TVPs of C1-4

Insertion:
medial border of scapula - above spine

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8
Q

Levator scapulae: ‘actions’

A

elevates and downward (medially) rotates scapula at scapulocostal joint

extends and laterally flexes (ipsilaterally) neck at spinal joints

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9
Q

Levator scapulae: ‘nerve’

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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10
Q

Pectoralis minor: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
anterior surfaces of ribs 3-5 near costocartilage joints

Insertion:
coracoid process of scapula

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11
Q

Pectoralis minor: ‘actions’

A

depresses, protracts, and downwardly (medially) rotates scapula at scapulocostal joint

raises ribs 3-5 at sternocostal and costospinal joints during forced inhalation

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12
Q

Pectoralis minor: ‘nerve’

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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13
Q

Serratus anterior: ‘ origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
Anterolateral aspect of ribs 1-9

Insertion:
anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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14
Q

Serratus anterior: ‘actions’

A

protracts and upwardly (laterally) rotates scapula at scapulocostal joint (protraction = stabilizing scapula on rib cage)

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15
Q

Serratus anterior: ‘nerve’

A

long thoracic nerve

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16
Q

Subclavius: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
rib 1

Insertion:
middle 1/3 of inferior surface of clavicle

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17
Q

Subclavius: ‘actions’

A

Depresses the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint

Elevates the 1st rib at the sternocostal and costospinal joints

Stabilizes the clavicle

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18
Q

Subclavius: ‘nerve’

A

subclavian nerve (branches of brachial plexus)

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19
Q

Deltoid: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
lateral 1/3 of clavicle (ant fiber)
acromion process (middle fiber)
spine of scapula (post fiber)

Insertion:
deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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20
Q

Deltoid: ‘actions’

A

ABD (majority medial), flexion and IR (ant), extension and ER (post) of humerus

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21
Q

Deltoid: ‘nerve’

A

axillary nerve

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22
Q

Supraspinatus: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion:
superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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23
Q

Supraspinatus: ‘actions’

A

ABDuct and flexes arm at GH joint

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24
Q

Supraspinatus: ‘nerve’

A

suprascapular nerve

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25
Q

Infraspinatus: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion:
middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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26
Q

Infraspinatus: ‘actions’

A

laterally rotates the humerus at the shoulder joint

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27
Q

Infraspinatus: ‘nerve’

A

suprascapular nerve

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28
Q

Teres minor: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
superior 2/3 of dorsal surface of superior lateral border of the scapula

Insertion:
inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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29
Q

Teres minor: ‘actions’

A

laterally rotates and ADDucts arm at the GH joint

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30
Q

Teres minor: ‘nerve’

A

axillary nerves

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31
Q

Subscapularis: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
subscapular fossa of the scapula

Insertion:
lesser tubercle of the humerus

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32
Q

Subscapularis: ‘actions’

A

medially rotates humerus at GH joint

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33
Q

Subscapularis: ‘nerve’

A

upper and lower subscapular nerves

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34
Q

Coracobrachialis: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
coracoid process of scapula

Insertion:
middle 1/3 of the medial surface of the humerus

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35
Q

Coracobrachialis: ‘action’

A

flexes and ADDucts the arm at the GH joint

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36
Q

Coracobrachialis: ‘nerve’

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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37
Q

Triceps brachii: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head - proximal 1/3 of posterior shaft of humerus (superior to radial groove)
medial head - distal 2/3 of posterior shaft of humerus (inferior to radial groove)

Insertion:
olecranon process of ulna

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38
Q

Triceps brachii: ‘actions’

A

all heads - extend the forearm at elbow joint

long head - extends humerus at GH joint

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39
Q

Triceps brachii: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

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40
Q

Anconeus: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:
lateral side of olecranon process of ulna
proximal 1/4 of posterior ulna

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41
Q

Anconeus: ‘actions’

A

extends forearm at elbow joint

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42
Q

Anconeus: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

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43
Q

Biceps brachii: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
short head - coracoid process of the scapula

Insertion:
radial tuberosity of radius
bicipitial aponeurosis (tendon sheet that attaches to prox ulna)

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44
Q

Biceps brachii: ‘actions’

A

Supination of the forearm at radioulnar joints.
Flexion of the humerus at GH joint.
Flexion of forearm at elbow joint

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45
Q

Biceps brachii: ‘nerve’

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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46
Q

Brachialis: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
distal 1/2 of anterior surface of humerus

Insertion:
ulnar tuberosity and the coronoid process of the ulnar

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47
Q

Brachialis: ‘action’

A

flexes of the forearm at the elbow joint

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48
Q

Brachialis: ‘nerve’

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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49
Q

Pectoralis major: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
medial 1/2 of the clavicle
sternum
costal cartilages of ribs 1-7

Insertion:
lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus

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50
Q

Pectoralis major: ‘actions’

A

ADDucts, IR, flexes, extends, and horizontally ADDucts arm at the GH joint

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51
Q

Pectoralis major: ‘nerve’

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerve

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52
Q

Latissimus dorsi: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
SPs of T7-L5
posterior sacrum
posterior iliac crest via thoracolumbar fascia
(ribs 9-12 and inferior angle of scapula?)

Insertion:
medial lip/floor or bicipital groove of humerus

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53
Q

Latissimus dorsi: ‘actions’

A

IR, ADDucts, and extends arm at the GH joint

anteriorly tilts pelvis

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54
Q

Latissimus dorsi: ‘nerve’

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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55
Q

Teres major: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
inferior 1/3 on the dorsal surface of inferior angle and inferior lateral border of scapula

Insertion:
medial lip of the bicipital groove of humerus

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56
Q

Teres major: ‘action’

A

IR, ADDucts, and extends arm at the GH joint

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57
Q

Teres major: ‘nerve’

A

lower subscapular nerve

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58
Q

Pronator teres: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
humeral head - medial epicondyle of humerus via CFT and medial supracondylar ridge of humerus
ulnar head - medial surface of coronoid process of ulna

Insertion:
middle 1/3 of lateral radius

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59
Q

Pronator teres: ‘action’

A

pronates forearm at radioulnar joint

(weakly) flexes forearm at elbow joint

60
Q

Pronator teres: ‘nerve’

A

median nerve

61
Q

Pronator quadratus: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
distal 1/4 of anterior ulna

Insertion:
distal 1/4 of anterior radius

62
Q

Pronator quadratus: ‘action’

A

pronates forearm at RU joint

63
Q

Pronator quadratus: ‘nerve’

A

median nerve

64
Q

Supinator: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
lateral epicondyle of humerus and supinator crest of the proximal ulna

Insertion:
proximal 1/3 of radius (post, lat, and anterior sides)

65
Q

Supinator: ‘action’

A

supinates forearm at RU joint

66
Q

Supinator: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

67
Q

Flexor carpi radialis: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
medial epicondyle of humerus via CFT

Insertion:
anterior side of base of second and third MC

68
Q

Flexor carpi radialis: ‘action’

A

flexes and radially deviates hand at wrist joint

(weakly) flexes forearm at elbow joint

69
Q

Flexor carpi radialis: ‘nerve’

A

median nerve

70
Q

Palmaris longus: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
medial epicondyle of humerus via CFT

Insertion:
palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum of palm of hand

71
Q

Palmaris longus: ‘action’

A

flexes the hand at the wrist joint

(weakly) flexes forearm and elbow joint

72
Q

Palmaris longus: ‘nerve’

A

median nerve

73
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
medial epicondlye of humerus via CFT
medial margin of olecranon
posterior proximal 2/3 of ulna

Insertion:
pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal

74
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris: ‘action’

A

flexes and ulnar deviation of hand at the wrist joint

(weakly) flexes forearm at elbow joint

75
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris: ‘nerve’

A

ulnar nerve

76
Q

Brachioradialis: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin;
proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion:
styloid process of radius

77
Q

Brachioradialis: ‘action’

A

flexion of forearm at elbow joint (especially at neutral)

78
Q

Brachioradialis: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

79
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion:
posterior side of base of second MC

80
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus: ‘actions’

A

extends and radially deviates the hand at the wrist joint

81
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

82
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
lateral epicondyle of the humerus via the CET

Insertion:
posterior side of base of third metacarpal

83
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis: ‘action’

A

extends and radially deviates hand at wrist joint

84
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

85
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
lateral epicondyle of humerus via CET and posterior middle 1/3 of ulna

Insertion:
posterior side of base of fifth metacarpal

86
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris: ‘action’

A

extends and ulnar deviates hand at wrist joint

(weak) extension of forearm at elbow joint

87
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

88
Q

Extensor digitorum: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
lateral epicondyle of humerus via CET

Insertion:
base of middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 on dorsal surface via DDE

89
Q

Extensor digitorum: ‘action’

A

extension of fingers at MCP, PIP and DIP joints
extension of hand at wrist joint
(weak) extension of forearm at elbow joint

90
Q

Extensor digitorum: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

91
Q

Extensor digiti minimi: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
lateral epicondyle of humerus via CET

Insertion:
middle and distal phalanges of fifth finger via DDE

92
Q

Extensor digiti minimi: ‘action’

A

extension of fifth finger
extension of hand at wrist joint
(weak) extension of forearm at elbow joint

93
Q

Extensor digiti minimi: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

94
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
humeroulnar head - medial epicondyle of humerus via CFT and coronoid process of ulna
radial head - prox 1/2 of anterior shaft of radius (jsut distal to radial tuberosity)

Insertion:
via 4 tendons that divide into two slips that attach onto the side of anterior surface of middle phalanx

95
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis: ‘action’

A

flexes fingers 2-5 at MCP and PIP joint

flexes hand at wrist joint

96
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis: ‘nerve’

A

median nerve

97
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus: ‘origin and insertion’

A

Origin:
proximal 1/2 of medial/anterior ulna and IOM

Insertion:
distal phalanges of anterior surface of fingers 2-5

98
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus: ‘action’

A

flexes fingers 2-5 at MCP, PIP and DIP

flexes hand at wrist joint

99
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus: ‘nerve’

A

median and ulnar nerve

100
Q

Flexor pollicis longus: ‘o and i’

A 
O:
anterior surface of radius
IOM
medial epicondyle of humerus
coronoid process of ulna

I:
anterior aspect of the base of distal phalanx of thum

101
Q

Flexor pollicis longus: ‘action’

A

flexes thumb at CMC, MCP and IP joints

flexes hand at wrist joint

102
Q

Flexor pollicis longus: ‘nerve’

A

median nerve

103
Q

Abductor pollicis longus: ‘o and i’

A

O:
middle 1/3 of posterior radius and ulna
IOM

I;
lateral side of base of first MC

104
Q

Abductor pollicis longus: ‘action’

A

ABD and extends thumb at CMC joint

105
Q

Abductor pollicis longus: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

106
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis: ‘o and i’

A

O:
distal 1/3 of posterior radius
IOM

I:
posterolateral base of proximal phalanx of first MC

107
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis: ‘action’

A

extends thumb at CMC and MCP joint

ABD thumb at CMC joint

108
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

109
Q

Extensor pollicis longus: ‘o and i’

A

O;
middle 1/3 of post ulna
IOM

I:
DDE onto posterior surface of the distal phalanx of thumb

110
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis: ‘action’

A

extends thumb at CMC, MCP and IP joint

laterally rotates and ADD thumb at CMC joint

111
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis: ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

112
Q

Extensor indicis: ‘o and i’

A

O;
distal 1/3 of post ulna
IOM

I:
via ulnar side of ED mm tendon onto the post surface of middle and distal phalanges of index finger via DDE

113
Q

Extensor indicis: ‘action’

A

extends index finger at MCP, PIP and DIP joints

extends hand at wrist joint

114
Q

Extensor indicis; ‘nerve’

A

radial nerve

115
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis: ‘o and i’

A

O:
flexor retinaculum
tubercle of scaphoid
tubercle of trapezium

I:
radial side of base of prox phalanx of thumb and DDE

116
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis: ‘action’

A

ABD thumb at CMC joint
Flex thumb at MCP joint
Ext thumb at CMC and IP joint

117
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis: ‘nerve’

A

median nerve

118
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis: ‘o and i’

A

O:
flexor retinaculum
trapezium

I:
radial side of base of prox phalanx of thumb

119
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis: ‘action’

A

flexes thumb at CMC and MCP joint

ABD thumb at CMC joint

120
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis: ‘nerve’

A

median and ulnar nerve

121
Q

Opponens pollicis: ‘o and i’

A

O:
flexor retinaculum
tubercle of trapezium

I:
anterior surface and radial border of first MC

122
Q

Opponens pollicis: ‘action’

A

opposes, flexes, medially rotates, ABD thumb at CMC joint

123
Q

Opponens pollicis: ‘nerve’

A

median and ulnar nerve

124
Q

Abductor digiti minimi: ‘o and i’

A

O;
pisiform
tendon of FCU

I:
ulnar side of base of prox phalanx of fifth finger and DDE

125
Q

Abductor digiti minimi: ‘action’

A

ABD finger 5 at MCP (and CMC) joint

Extend finger 5 at PIP and DIP

126
Q

Abductor digiti minimi: ‘nerve’

A

ulnar nerve

127
Q

Flexor digiti minimi manus: ‘o and i’

A

O:
hook of hamate
flexor retinaculum

I:
ulnar side of base of prox phalanx of fifth finger

128
Q

Flexor digiti minimi manus: ‘action’

A

flex finger 5 at MCP (and CMC) joint

129
Q

Flexor digiti minimi manus: ‘nerve’

A

ulnar nerve

130
Q

Opponens digiti minimi: ‘o and i’

A

O:
hook of hamate
flexor retinaculum

I:
ant surface and medial border of 5th MC

131
Q

Opponens digiti minimi: ‘action’

A

opposes (flex, lat rotates, and ADD) finger 5 at CMC joint

132
Q

Opponens digiti minimi: ‘nerve’

A

ulnar nerve

133
Q

Adductor pollicis: ‘o and i’

A

O:
oblique head - ant base of second and third MC and capitate
transverse head - distal 2/3 of ant surface of third MC

I:
medial side of base of prox phalanx and DDE

134
Q

Adductor pollicis: ‘action’

A

Adducts thumb at CMC joint

ext thumb at IP joint

135
Q

Adductor pollicis: ‘nerve’

A

ulnar nerve

136
Q

Lumbricals manus: ‘o and i’

A

O:
distal tendon of FDP
1: rad side of finger 2
2: rad side of finger 3
3: ulnar side of finger 3 and rad side of finger 4
4: ulnar side of finger 4 and radial side of finger 5

I: 
Distal tendon of ED via DDE
1: tendon of finger 2 
2: finger 3
3: finger 4
4: finger 5
137
Q

Lumbricals manus: ‘action’

A

extend fingers 2-5 at PIP and DIP
flex fingers 2-5 at MCP joint
(ABD/ADD fingers 2-5)

138
Q

Lumbricals manus: ‘nerve’

A

median and ulnar nerve

139
Q

Palmar interossei: ‘o and i’

A

O:

1: MC middle finger side of finger 2
2: MC middle finger side of finger 4
3: MC middle finger side of finger 5

I:

1: prox phalanx base on middle finger side of finger 2
2: prox phalanx base on middle finger side of finger 4
3: prox phalanx base on middle finger side of finger 5

140
Q

Palmar interossei: ‘action’

A

ADD fingers 2, 4, 5 at MCP joint

ext fingers 2, 4, 5 at PIP and DIP

141
Q

Palmar interossei: ‘nerve’

A

ulnar nerve

142
Q

Dorsal interossei: ‘o and i’

A 
O:
MC of fingers 1-5
1: MC of finger 1 and 2
2: MC of finger 2 and 3
3: MC of finger 3 and 4
4: MC of finger 4 and 5

I:

1: lat side of finger 2
2: lat side of finger 3
3: medial side of finger 3
4. medial side of finger 4

143
Q

Dorsal interossei: ‘ action’

A

ABD (and flex) fingers 2-4 at MCP joint

ext fingers 2-4 at PIP and DIP

144
Q

Dorsal interossei: ‘nerve’

A

ulnar nerve

145
Q

Palmaris brevis: ‘o and i’

A

O:
flexor retinaculum
palmar aponeurosis

I:
dermis of medial border of hand

146
Q

Palmaris brevis: ‘action’

A

wrinkle skin in palm

147
Q

Palmaris brevis: ‘nerve’

A

ulnar nerve

MSAK Review (3 decks)

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