Skeletal muscles

Question 1

supraspinatus

Answer 1

a rotator cuff, abduction of shoulder

Question 2

psoas(major and minor)

Answer 2

hip flexor, pull femur towards trunk; stabilises pelvis

Question 3

latissimus dorsi

Answer 3

wide back muscle, extends, adducts, medially rotates

Question 4

quadratus lumborum

Answer 4

lower spine support, lateral flexion, vertebral extension

Question 5

erector spinae

Answer 5

keeps spine upright

Question 6

masseter

Answer 6

cheek; mastication

Question 7

temporalis

Answer 7

horizontal temple area, mastication

Question 8

sternocleidomastum

Answer 8

head to neck; rotation and tilting of head

Question 9

trapezius

Answer 9

shoulder muscle; head back, retract shoulders

Question 10

occipitus frontalis

Answer 10

muscle at back of head; raises eyebrows

Question 11

orbicularis oculi

Answer 11

round eyes, blink

Question 12

orbicularis ori

Answer 12

round mouth, pout or close mouth

Question 13

acromion

Answer 13

shoulder ‘cap’

Question 14

scapula

Answer 14

shoulder blade, retraction

Question 15

aponeurosis

Answer 15

fibrous bankd or sheet of tendon (e.g. next to lat dorsi and over QL)

Question 16

pectoralis major

Answer 16

major chest muscle, draw arms forward; shoulder flexion/adduction, medial rotation

Question 17

rectus abdominus

Answer 17

core, six pack; parallel to midline; vertebral flexion (‘crunch’); increases IAP

Question 18

transversus abdominus

Answer 18

compresses abdominal organs, increases IAP

Question 19

internal / external obliques

Answer 19

rotation, bending sideways

Question 20

diaphragm(attach to sternum, lower 6 rib pairs and lumbar spine)

Answer 20

contracts to lower, increasing space for air to enter lungs

Question 21

deltoid

Answer 21

attaches from scapula and clavicle to humerus; flexion, abduction, extension of shoulder joint

Question 22

biceps brachii

Answer 22

two heads, scapula to radius; flexion of lower arm and supination; stabilises shoulder

Question 23

triceps brachii

Answer 23

three heads; extension of lower arm, arm adduction

Question 24

flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 24

flexes hand at the wrist

Question 25

extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 25

extends hand at the wrist

Question 26

gluteus maximus

Answer 26

lgst muscle in the posterior chain; ilius to femur;extension of the hip joint, external rotation, abduction

Question 27

gluteus medius

Answer 27

abducts leg, stabilises pelvis

Question 28

hamstrings (biceps femoris, semi-membranosus, semi-tendinosus)

Answer 28

bend knee

Question 29

rectus femoris

Answer 29

deepest quad muscle, flexes hip; extends knee,

Question 30

thigh adductors

Answer 30

squeeze thighs together

Question 31

tibialis anterior

Answer 31

dorsiflexion and inversion

Question 32

soleus

Answer 32

the lower/underneath one (sole!), plantar flexion; ankle stability

Question 33

gastrocnemius

Answer 33

belly of the calf, flexes at the knee, plantar flexion; splits in to two