Skeletal Muscle

Question 1

What joins skeletal muscle to bones?

Answer 1

Tendon

Question 2

What are the functions of skeletal muscle?

Answer 2

Movement, stability, posture, heat generation.

Question 3

Name some muscle groups and their function.

Answer 3

Agonists- prime movers
Antagonists- oppose prime movers
Synergists- assist prime movers
Fixates-stabilises action if prime movers e.g.fixes non moving joint when prime mover acting over 2 joints.

Question 4

Describe the blood supply in the brachial plexus.

Answer 4

Subclavian until the lateral margin of rib 1
Axillary until lower border of Teres major
Brachial

Question 5

What are the two types of muscle contraction? How do they work? Give examples.

Answer 5

1. Isotonic contraction- constant tension, variable length
   Muscle changes shape to move the load
   -concentric- muscle shortens e.g.arm lifting load
   -eccentric- muscle exerts a force while being extended e.g. Walking downhill
2. Isometric contraction- constant length, variable tension e.g.hand grip

Question 6

What are the 3 muscle fibre types?

Answer 6

Type1- slow oxidative
Type2a- fast oxidative
Type2b- fast glycolytic

Question 7

Type 1 - 7 facts.

Answer 7

Aerobic
High myoglobin levels
Red colour
Many mitochondria
Rich capillary supply
Fatigue resistant
Endurance activities, posture

Question 8

Type 2a- 7 facts.

Answer 8

Aerobic
High myoglobin levels
Red to pink colour
Many mitochondria
Rich capillary supply
Moderate fatigue resistance
Walking, sprinting

Question 9

Type 2b- 7 facts.

Answer 9

Anaerobic glycolysis
Low myoglobin levels
White (pale) colour 
Few Mitochondria
Poorer capillary supply
Rapidly fatigue
Short, intense movements

Question 10

Name some types of skeletal muscle and give examples.

Answer 10

Circular e.g. Orbicularis oris
Convergent e.g. Pectoralis major
Parallel e.g. Sartorius
Unipennate e.g. Extensor Digitorum Longus 
Multipennate e.g. Deltoid
Fusiform e.g. Biceps Brachii 
Bipennate e.g. Rectus femoris