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Anatomy And Phsyiology > Skeletal Exam > Flashcards

Skeletal Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Nerves that go through foramen rotundum

A

CNV - Trigeminal

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2
Q

Which of the four bone shapes is the patella

A

Short

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3
Q

Types of synovial joint movement

A

Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, inversion, eversion

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4
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

Five

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5
Q

What type of cartilage is found between the vertebrae of the spine?

A

Fibrocartilage

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6
Q

Bone absorbing cells

A

Osteoclast

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7
Q

Freely movable joints such as ball and socket hip shoulder and knee joint

A

Synovial

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8
Q

Which structure and bone stores fat?

A

Yellow marrow

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9
Q

Composed of osteons with a central canal containing blood vessels, contains living bone cells called osteocytes and chambers called lacunae

A

Compact bone

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10
Q

Bone marrow that makes blood cells is usually found in spongy bone and flat bone

A

Read bone marrow

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11
Q

Tissue that attaches muscle to bone

A

Tendons

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12
Q

Which bones in infants are hemopoietic?

A

All bones

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13
Q

Where in bone or osteoclast located?

A

Howeships Lacunae

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14
Q

What type of hyaline cartilage is found on the end of long bones?

A

Articular cartilage

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15
Q

Which synovial joint movement is when the foot turns out work?

A

Eversion

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16
Q

Nerves that go through hypoglossal canal

A

CNXII

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17
Q

How many pair of ribs are floating

A

Two

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18
Q

What hormone stimulates general bone growth in the epiphyseal plates

A

Growth hormone

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19
Q

Nerves that go through foramen ovale

A

CNV - Trigeminal

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20
Q

Mature bone cells that maintain bone structure derive from osteoblast

A

Osteocytes

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21
Q

Which bone is known as the breastbone?

A

Sternum

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22
Q

What hormone promotes osteoblast activity builds bone and reduces blood calcium?

A

Calcitonin

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23
Q

Where is fibrocartilage located

A

And the days between vertebrae and in the knee

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24
Q

Which vitamin stimulates sulfate synthesis?

A

A

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25
Q

Articulate with C1

A

Occipital condyles

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26
Q

Which step in the ossification is where osteoblasts secrete bone matrix?

A

Second bone collar formation

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27
Q

How many vertebrae are fused

A

Nine

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28
Q

Which of the blood vessels in bone are perforating canals that run at a right angle?

A

Volkmann’s canal

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29
Q

Bone forming

A

Osteoblast

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30
Q

Usually in movable joint such as the sutures between cranial bones

A

Fibrous

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31
Q

Disorder were too much growth hormone after epiphyseal plate close causing a large hands feet and face

A

Acromegaly

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32
Q

What portion of the ass to put a bone articulates with the C1 vertebrae?

A

Occipital condyle

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33
Q

What is another name for the central canal of the osteon?

A

Haversian Canal

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34
Q

Which bone storms the cheekbones

A

Zygomatic

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35
Q

What hormone stimulates osteoclast activity releasing calcium into the blood and also promotes calcium absorption?

A

Parathyroid hormone

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36
Q

Made of plates with space is filled with red bone marrow

A

Spongy bone

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37
Q

Slightly movable joint such as the invertebral disc

A

Cartilaginous

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38
Q

Compact bone surrounded by periosteum and endosteum is known as what?

A

Diaphysis

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39
Q

When bones are weakened due to decreased bone mass we call this what?

A

Osteoporosis

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40
Q

Ends of the bow made mostly of spongy

A

Epiphysis

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41
Q

Which vitamin is for collagen synthesis ?

A

C

42
Q

Posterior cranial vault and cranial base for foramen magnum

A

Occipital bone

43
Q

Which cells can no longer divided but have main function and maintaining and monitoring bone?

A

Osteocytes

44
Q

What are the names of the four sutures of the skull?

A

Lamboid, Coronel, squamous, sagittal

45
Q

Floor of anterior cranial fossa, roof lateral and medial walls of the nasal cavity, deepest cranial bone

A

Ethmoid bone

46
Q

Total number of vertebrae in each section

A

Seven cervical, 12 thoracic, five lumbar, five sacrum, four coccyx

47
Q

Disorder where to little growth hormone secretion before the epiphyseal plate on the ends of long bones have closed

A

Pituitary dwarfism

48
Q

Which part of the brain sits in the cranial fossa

A

Occipital lobe and cerebellum

49
Q

Which step into a repair is where a blood clot is for in between the bones?

A

Hematoma

50
Q

Which disorder is from osteoblast over activity?

A

Paget’s disease

51
Q

Lacunae are connected by tiny blood vessels known as what?

A

Canaliculi

52
Q

Three ways to identify skeletal remains

A

Age, gender, ethnicity

53
Q

Roof and lateral and posterior walls of cranial vault

A

Parietal bone

54
Q

Which type of cartilage growth is gross from the outside in?

A

Appositional

55
Q

Which hormone promotes osteoblasts activity?

A

Calcitonin

56
Q

Which vitamin form is calcium and increases absorption?

A

D3

57
Q

Total number of ribs in each section

A

24 ribs, 12 pairs, seven pairs of true ribs, three pairs of false ribs, two pairs of floating ribs

58
Q

Which bone disorder is inadequate bone mineralization that causes pain and stress on bones?

A

Osteomalacia

59
Q

Steps in bone repair

A

Hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus, bony callus, remodeling

60
Q

Skeletal cartilage are surrounded by dense irregular connective tissue

A

Perichondrium

61
Q

Which bone contains a body with a greater, lesser wing and processes?

A

Sphenoid

62
Q

Which vitamin will allow synthesis of proteins through bone?

A

K & B 12

63
Q

Where are the four fontanelles

A

Anterior, posterior, mastoid, sphenoid

64
Q

When cartilage is replaced by bone and is used by most bones what type of ossification do we call this?

A

Endochondral

65
Q

Which disorder is from vitamin D deficiency?

A

Rickets

66
Q

What foramen does the CNV use?

A

Superior orbital fissure, foramen rotunda, foramen ovale

67
Q

The maxilla articulates with all facial bones except which one?

A

Mandible

68
Q

When does the anterior fontanelle close?

A

18 to 24 months or 1 1/2 to 2 years

69
Q

Nerves that go through Cribiform plate

A

CNI - olfactory nerve

70
Q

What are the two types of ossification

A

Intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification

71
Q

What do we call skullcap?

A

Calavari

72
Q

Where is the structure that fuses the right and left half of the mandible?

A

Mandibular synthesis

73
Q

Living outer covering of fibrous connective tissue

A

Periosteum

74
Q

Disorder when there’s too much growth hormone before epiphyseal plates close long stature can cause poor health

A

Giantism

75
Q

Where is Hyaline cartilage located?

A

Ends of long bones, the nose, ends of ribs, the larynx and trachea

76
Q

Nerves that go through the superior orbital fissure

A

CNIII - Oculomotor CNIV - Trochlear CNV - Trigeminal CNVI - Abducens

77
Q

Which zone of epiphyseal are where chondrocytes are dying?

A

Calcified cartilage zone

78
Q

Vertebrae are considered what shape of bone

A

Irregular

79
Q

Which type of joint is usually immovable?

A

Fibrous

80
Q

What is the membrane that lines the outer surface of all bones?

A

Periosteum

81
Q

Which bone forms the roof lateral and medial walls of the nasal cavity?

A

Ethmoid

82
Q

Identify three functions of the skeletal system

A

Support the body
produce blood cells
store minerals

83
Q

Which type of cell is cartilage forming cells?

A

Chondrocytes

84
Q

Which hormones are converted to increase growth during adolescence?

A

Sex hormones

85
Q

Nerves that go through the optic foramen

A

CNII - Optic Nerve

86
Q

Name of the phenomenon wear compression causes an electric affect and retention?

A

Piezoelectric affect

87
Q

Steps and endochondral ossification

A

Cartilage model, bone collar formation, primary ossification center, secondary ossification sites, epiphyseal plate

88
Q

Where is elastic cartilage located

A

Ear flaps and epiglottis

89
Q

What are three types of cartilage

A

Hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage

90
Q

Which cell becomes osteoblast?

A

Osteogenic Cells

91
Q

Nerves that go through internal acoustic meatus

A

CNVII CNVIII

92
Q

Which step in the ossification process is where cartilage band that acts as a growth plate allows for bones to lengthen?

A

Fifth epiphyseal plate

93
Q

How many bones are in the adult bone skeleton?

A

206

94
Q

What is the structure that attaches one bone to another bone?

A

Ligaments

95
Q

Nerves that go through jugular foramen

A

CNIX, CNX, CNXI

96
Q

Which phone is the only bone in the human skeleton that doesn’t articulate with another bone

A

Hyoid bone

97
Q

Nerves that go through foramen magnum

A

CNXI

98
Q

Identify three wrist factors for osteoporosis

A

Diet, age, family history

99
Q

Which zone of the epiphyseal cartilage is where large chondrocytes like glycogen cytoplasm are present?

A

Hypertrophied cartilaginous zone

100
Q

Farms for head in roof of orbit, supra orbital margin, anterior cranial fossa, frontal sinus

A

Frontal bone

Anatomy And Phsyiology (2 decks)

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