sjogren's syndrome

Question 1

what is it?

Answer 1

autoimmune condition that destroys exocrine glands resulting in dryness

Question 2

what is the pathophysiology?

Answer 2

immune system mainly attacks lacrimal and salivary glands

Question 3

what are symptoms?

Answer 3

dry eyes
dry mouth
dry throat
vaginal dryness
joint pains
fatigue

Question 4

what are the signs?

Answer 4

bilateral parotid gland enlargement
unexplained increase in dental caries

Question 5

what investigation confirms diagnosis?

Answer 5

salivary gland biopsy

Question 6

what investigations are used?

Answer 6

schirmers test = ocular dryness
bloods

Question 7

what is shown on a blood test?

Answer 7

positive anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies
raised IgG and raised plasma viscosity/ESR

Question 8

what is seen on lip gland biopsy?

Answer 8

lymphocytic infiltrates

Question 9

what is the management?

Answer 9

symptom control
dryness = pilocarpine
hydroxychloroquine = arthralgia and fatigue