Sit to Stand

Question 1

What are the 4 phases of sit to stand?

Answer 1

Flexion momentum
Momentum transfer
Extension
Stabilisation

Question 2

What events occur in flexion momentum?

Answer 2

• Anterior pelvic tilt
• Flexion of trunk relative to pelvis
• Hip flexion

Question 3

What events occur in momentum transfer?

Answer 3

• Lift off pelvis

- Maximal ankle dorsiflexion

Question 4

What events occur in extension?

Answer 4

• Maximal hip extension

- Maximal knee extension

Question 5

What event occurs in stabilisation?

Answer 5

• Standing balance

Question 6

What tracts do we use when moving from sit to stand?

Answer 6

• Corticospinal tract (cerebral cortex origination) for conscious control of voluntary movement i.e. a ‘new’ movement
• Reticulospinal tract and Vestibulospinal tract (brainstem origination) - subconscious control of postural movement, stored movement pattern

Question 7

What are some abnormalities that can occur in sit to stand?

Answer 7

• BOS abnormal (foot not flat on floor)
• Excessive flexion during flexion momentum
• Primarily weight bearing on one side i.e. L vs R showing as side flexion to left
• Asymmetrical movement pattern
• Increased stabilisation period
• Cannot reach max. DF in momentum transfer