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SIR JED PART 4 Flashcards

1
Q

THE FIRST PRINCIPLE INCORPORATED INTO CLINICAL OSMOMETERS

USED TO MESURE VOLATILE SUBS

A

FREEZING POINT OSMOLALITY

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2
Q

KNOWN STANDARD BECUASE IT IS PARTIALLY IONIZED SIMILAR TO THE COMPOSITION OF URINE

A

SODIUM CHLORIDE

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3
Q

USED PRIMARILY TO ANALYZE SERUM AND SWEAT MICROSAMPLES DISORDERS NOT REALTED TO RENAL FUNCTION

A

VAPOR PRESSURE OSMOMETER

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4
Q

REASON FOR FALSE ELEVATED IN FREEZING POINT OSMOMETER

A

VOLATILE SUBSTANCE LIKE ETHANOL

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5
Q

FURTHER EXPANSION OF THE RATIO OF URINE TO SERUM OSMOLARITY

A

FREE WATER CLEARANCE

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6
Q

ELIMINATION OF WASTE PRODUCTS NOT FILTERED BY THE GLOMERULUS

A

TUBULAR SECRETION

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7
Q

PASSAGE OF SUBSTANCES FROM THE BLOOD IN THE PERI TUBULAR CAPILLARIES TO THE TUBULAR FILTRATE

A

TUBULAR SECRETION

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8
Q

THE MAJOR SITE FOR REMOVVAL OF NON FILTERED SUBSTANCES

A

PCT

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9
Q

MAINTAIN THE NORMAL BLOOD PH OF 7.4

A

ACID-BASE BALANCE

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10
Q

COMPENSATION FOR HYPERVENTALATION

A

RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS/METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

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11
Q

MEASURE SUBSTANCE THAT IS SECRETED RATHER TAHN FILTERED THROUGH THE GLOMERULUS

A

TUBULAR SECRETION AND RENAL BLOOD FLOW TEST

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12
Q

SAMPLES IN TUBULAR SECRETION AND RENAL BLOOD FLOW TEST

A

FRESH URINE
TOLUENE PRESERVED URINE COLLECTED AT 2HR INTERVALS FROM PC WHO HAVE BENN PRIMED WITH AN ACID LOAD CONSISTTING OF ORAL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

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13
Q

MOST COMMON ASSOCIATED WITH TUBULAR SECRETION ADN RENAL BLOOD FLOW
IT MEETS THE CRITERIA NEEDED TO MEASURE RENAL BLOOD FLOW

A

PAH ( P-AMINOHIPPURIC ACID TEST)

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14
Q

WHAT IS THE NORMAL ACID SECRETION

A

70 mEq/mL

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15
Q

the lowest oh is found at

A

night

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16
Q

diurnal variation in urine acdity: alkaline tides after “:

A

arising
postprandially at approximately 2pm and 8pm

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16
Q

CONTRIBUTION: UROSCOPY

A

HIPPOCRATES

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16
Q

CONTRIBUTION: EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPHICS

A

EDWIN SMITH SURGICAL PAPYRUS

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17
Q

20 DIFFERENT COLORS OF URINE

A

1140 CE

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17
Q

DISCOVERED ALBUMINURIA BY BOILING URINE

A

FREDERIK DEKKERS

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18
Q

CHARLANTS WHO COMPROMISED URINALYSIS WITHOUT MEDICAL CREDENTIALS BEGAN OFFERING THER PREDICTIONS TO THE PUBLIC FOR A HEALTHY FEE

A

PISSE PROPHETS

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18
Q

WROTE ABOUT THE CHRALANTS

A

THOMAS BRYANT

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19
Q

QUANTITATING URINE SEDIMENT

A

THOMAS ADDIS

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19
Q

INTRODUCED URINALYSIS AS PART OF DOCTOR’S ROUTINE PX EXAM

A

RICHARD BRIGHT

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20
Q

ACTUALLY, THE BEGINNING OF LABORATORY MEDICINE

A

URINALYSIS

21
Q

THE ULTRAFILTRATE OF PLASMA

A

URINE

22
Q

TOTAL RENAL BLOOD FLOW

A

1200 ML

23
Q

TOTAL RENAL PLASMA FLOW/ FILTERED PLASM

A

120 ML

24
Q

URINE IS ____ % WATER AND ___% SOLUTES

A

95%
5%

25
Q

URINE IS NORMALLY ACIDIC OR ALKALINE

A

ACIDIC

26
Q

PRINCIPAL ORGANIC SUBSTANCE

A

UREA

27
Q

PRINCIPAL INORGANIC SUBSTANCE

A

CHLORIDE

28
Q

FROM MUSCLE METABOLISM

A

CREATININE

29
Q

FROM PURINE AND INSOLUBLE TO WATER

A

URIC ACID

30
Q

THIS SUBSTANCE ISHIGH IN CHEMOTHERAPY PATIENT

A

URIC ACID

31
Q

PRIMARILY FROM SALT, VARIES BY INTAKE

A

SODIUM

32
Q

COMBINED WITH CHLORIDE AND OTHER SALT

A

POTASSIUM

33
Q

DERIVED FROMA MINO ACID

A

SULFATE

34
Q

REGULATES BLOOD ADN TISSUE FLUID ACIDITY

A

AMMONIUM

35
Q

COMBINES WITH CHLORIDE , SULFATE AND PHOSPHATE

A

CALCIUM

36
Q

_____ GREATLY INFLUENCES THE CONCENTRATIONS OF THESE INORGANIC COMPOUNDS, MAKING IT DIFFICULT TO ESTABLISH NORMAL LEVELS

A

DIETARY INTAKE

37
Q

CONSTITUENTS THAT INDICATE THAT A FLUID IS URINE

A

UREA AND CREATININE

38
Q

LARGEST COMPONENT OF URINE

A

WATER

39
Q

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE URINE CONCENTRATION

A

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
WATER INTAKE
DIET
DISEASE
ENDOCRINE PX
BODY METABOLISM

40
Q

DETERMINED BY THE BODY STATE OF HYDRATION

A

URINE VOLUME

41
Q

major body constituent

A

water

42
Q

normal urine daily output

A

1200-1500

43
Q

urine output in px with oliguria

A

<400mL /day

44
Q

cessation of urine flow

A

anuria

45
Q

increase urine at night

A

nocturia

46
Q

greater than 2.5 liter/ day urine output

A

polyuria

47
Q

in polyuria patient consistent elimination of ____ urine per 24 hrs

A

2000ml

48
Q

high sg and urine glucose due to LOW or resistance in insulin

A

DM

49
Q

LOW SG AND URINE GLUCOSE DUE TO DECREASE PRODUCTYION OR FUNCTION OR RESISTANCE TO ADH

A

DI

50
Q

FIRST SYMPTOMS OF EITHER DM OR DI

A

POLYURIA AND POLYDIPSIA

51
Q

ANY INCREASE IN URINE VOLUME EVEN TEMPORARY

A

DIURESIS

52
Q

IS URINE OUT OF 600 OR 2000 NORMAL?

A

YES

53
Q

DOES CARBS INHESTION INFLUENCE URINE VOLUME?

A

NO

54
Q

DOES EXERCISE INFLUENCE URINE VOLUME?

A

YES

55
Q

HIGH ADH AND LOW URINE VOL

A

DEHYDRATION

56
Q

LOW ADH AND HIGH URINE VOLUME

A

HYDRATED

57
Q

2 MIGHT CAUSES OF OLIGURIA?

A

RENAL STONES AND TUMOR

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