Simple Machines

Question 1

What are the 5 mechanical machines?

Answer 1

• Pulleys
• Gears
• Inclined plane
• Levers
• Wheel and Axle

Question 2

What’s a simple definition of gears?

Answer 2

Gears are toothed wheels (but not always), used to speed up or slow down motion. They can also change the amount of force needed to move an object. Gear Trains consist of two or more gears with interlocking teeth.

Question 3

What’s a driver and driven? (Gears)

Answer 3

Driver - The gear that controls/directs the rest of the gears
Driven - The gear(s) being controlled/directed by the driver

Question 4

What’s a gear train?

Answer 4

Gear trains consist of 2 or more gears

Question 5

Practice calculating the ratio by drawing 2 connected gears

Answer 5

Ex of a gear ratio:
Driving gear: 15 teeth Driven gear: 30 teeth
Gear ratio: 15:30 OR 1:2 (15 is half of 30)

Question 6

Draw 2 different gear trains and calculate the ratios (Optional to calculate ratios)

Answer 6

Ex of a gear ratio:
Driving gear: 15 teeth Driven gear: 30 teeth
Gear ratio: 15:30 OR 1:2 (15 is half of 30)

Question 7

What are the 3 Key Points if 15 is the Driver and 30 is the Driven?

Answer 7

1. Low gear ratio
2. Turned with less force
3. Must travel further
4. 2 rotations
5. Less speed (Driver is smaller than the Driven)

Question 8

What’s a simple definition of a pulley?

Answer 8

A pulley is a wheel and axle where the wheel is grooved (a rope or chain is used)
Pulleys help carry large objects with a lot of mass and can change direction

Question 9

How do you calculate the MA?

Answer 9

Count the rope sections that hold up the mass (don’t count if pulling down)

Question 10

How to calculate the formula?

Answer 10

Load force= # Newtons
Ma= #
EF (Effort Force) = # N/(# of MA) = # Newtons
‘/’ = division

Question 11

Name the types of pulleys EX:

Question 12

What are the points of a Lever?

Answer 12

• Mode of a FULCRUM and an ARM
• Lift items more easily
• Create strength
• Create speed

Question 13

What’s the definition of a Lever?

Answer 13

A bar used to pry or move things

Question 14

What are the points of an inclined plane/wedge?

Answer 14

• Ramp or a stopper
• Allows you to lift objects up efficiently
• Create speed moving downwards
• Separate items

Question 15

What are the points of a wheel and axle?

Answer 15

• Used to move objects with less effort
• Changes motion from rotational to linear

Question 16

What’s the purpose of a ramp?

Answer 16

To move objects more easily to higher elevation

Question 17

What are the 3 types of class levers?

Answer 17

1st - Fulcrum is in the middle of the effort & the load
2nd - Load is in the middle of the fulcrum & the effort
3rd - Effort is in the middle between the fulcrum & the load