simple harmonic motion

Question 1

pressure

Answer 1

force / area Pascals

increasing force = larger pressure

increasing area = smaller pressure

Question 2

compression

Answer 2

more pressure

peak above x axis

Question 3

rarefraction

Answer 3

less pressure

peak below x axis

less molecules than atmospheric pressure w/ no sound

Question 4

wave

Answer 4

a disturbance within a medium that propagates w/ a velocity that depends on the medium

Question 5

longitudinal wave

Answer 5

energy is transported through the medium w/out permanently transporting matter

sound

Question 6

medium

Answer 6

any material that has:

mass - therefore inertia
stiffness - therefore restoring forces

a material that has these 2 can vibrate

Question 7

simple harmonic motion

Answer 7

simplest form of vibratory motion

Question 8

what does shm require

Answer 8

2 properties of objects

mass
stiffness

Question 9

spring-mass system

Answer 9

spring mass at rest = equilibrium

w/ external force = spring extended

after removing external source = spring compressed
restoring force pulled it back beyond equilibrium –> makes it continue oscillating

Question 10

hooke’s law

Answer 10

the restoring force is proportional to the displacement

when this condition is satisfied, the object undergoes SHM

Question 11

quantifying shm

Answer 11

described by a periodic fucntion sine

more complex motions or signals can be represented as a sum of many sine waves - fourier analysis

Question 12

visual representation of shm

Answer 12

x axis = distance or time

y axis = displacement, amplitude, or pressure

Question 13

parameters of shm

Answer 13

amplitude - how big

frequency - how fast
inverse of period - how long

phase - when (where in the cycle)

Question 14

amplitude

Answer 14

measure of magnitude of the oscillation

Question 15

period

Answer 15

time taken to complete one full cycle of motion

measured in units of time

Question 16

frequency

Answer 16

rate of oscillation

how fast the wave repeats

Hz = number of cycles / second

Question 17

frequency & period

Answer 17

relationship is reciprocal

f = 1/T

Question 18

if period is halved, what happens to frequency?

Answer 18

frequency is doubled

Question 19

wavelength

Answer 19

length of 1 cycle of a wave

measured in units of length

higher frequency = smaller wavelength

Question 20

phase

Answer 20

where you start

0 degrees
90 degrees
180 degrees
270 degrees

Question 21

formula for shm

Answer 21

x(t) = A sin (2 [pi] f t + [phase])

f = 1/T

Question 22

shm as uniform vibratory motion

Answer 22

vibratory motion = dot moving around circumference of a circle at a constant rate

if f = 1 Hz, dot goes around circle once / second

Question 23

sound is shm

Answer 23

happens when a source acts on a medium w/ mass & stiffness