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CX Tests > Signs Symtoms And Treatment Of Illness And Injuries > Flashcards

Signs Symtoms And Treatment Of Illness And Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal pain

Treatment?

A

.Place person in recline position with knees bent or let person sit in most comfortable position.

.do not give pain killer or anything to drink or eat.

.call Medlink if required.

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2
Q

Aircraft fuel contamination

Treatment?

A

. All affected clothing off

. Wash the affect area with water.

. If eyes involved gently wash with large amount o water.

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3
Q

Airsickness / motion sickness

Sign and symptoms?

A

Col and clammy skin

Dizziness

Nausea and possible vomiting

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4
Q

Airsickness / motion sickness

Treatment?

A

Offer cool, damp washcloth on forehead.

If possible reseat pax in middle of plane

Keep head still resting back and focusing on distant objects.

Offer clear liquids

Call medlink if nausea is present

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5
Q

Allergic reactions

Sigh a and symptoms?

A

Anxiety

Red, blotchy skin

Swelling of face and neck

Puffiness around the eyes

Impaired breathing

Rapid pulse

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6
Q

Allergic reactions

Treatment?

A

Ask if any known allergies

Ask if they have any medication

Treat any symptoms e.g. Itchy rash or impaired breathing

Call medlink

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7
Q

Asthma

Signs and symptoms?

A

Distress and anxiety

Difficulty in breathing

Wheezing

Difficulty in speaking

Grey blue skin

Dry thickly cough

May be exhausted

Unconsciousness may develop

Breathing and heartbeat may stop

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8
Q

Asthma

Treatment?

A

Reassure and calm pax

Loosen tight clothing

Ask to breath slowly and deeply

Use inhaler

If unconscious with breathing place in recovery position

CPR an AED need if no breathing

Call medlink

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9
Q

External bleeding

Signs and symptoms?

A

Evidence of external bleeding

Feels faint or giddy

Looks pale

Skin feels cold and clammy

Pulse is rapid but weak

Thirsty

Restless and talkative

Breathing become shallower, sometimes yawning and air hunger

Shock may develop

Possible unconsciousness

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10
Q

External bleeding

Treatment?

A

Check foreign objects or fracture

If no apply direct pressure using clean dressing

If unable to use direct pressure use indirect pressure. The brachial artery or femoral artery.

Indirect pressure should not b applied more than 10 mins. Release a few seconds da every 5-10 mins to allow circulation.

If possible, raise injured part higher than the heart.

Treat for shock

When bleeding stops or slows down apply another dressing on top of old dressing and bandage it.

Attempt to remove tiny pieces of foreign objects with tweezers.

Never remove object embedded in the wound. Apply pressure on either side or use ring pad.

Call medlink.

If possible raise above heart

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11
Q

Internal bleeding

Sign and symptoms?

A

Looks pale

Skin feels cd a clammy

Pulse is rapid but weak

Pain

Swelling and tension may be seen or felt

Thirsty

Shock may develop

Absence of obvious blood loss or bleeding from orifices

Confusion, restlessness, possible collapse or unconsciousness

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12
Q

Internal bleeding

Treatment?

A

Lay down Don’t move

Reassure and make pax relax

Raise legs to allow blood to vital organs

Loosen tight clothing

Keep samples of vomit and give to medical services personnel

Monitor breathing ad pulse.

Call medlink

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13
Q

Blood and body fluid exposure

Treatment?

A

Alway use universal precautions

If eyes involved immediately wash with large amount of cold water

If in mouth, spit, rinse an repeat

If in broken skin squeeze sides to encourage bleeding and rib r with soap and water

Consult doctor ASAP and blood tests

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14
Q

Bruises

Signs and symptoms?

A

Pain

Swelling and skin discoloration

Bruise begins as pinkish red color that can be tender to touch

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15
Q

Bruises

Treatment?

A

Cold compress 15 mins per hour
Do not place I’ve directly on skin

Keep bruise area raised above heart

Rest the bruise by not moving the muscles in that area

If needed offer paracetamol

Seek medical help if swelling around the bruise especially if at joint.

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16
Q

Burns and scalds

Treatment?

A

Place under cold water for 10 mins.

Apply cold compress for 10 mins

Remove jewellery, watches, or clothing from the area.

Do not remove anything sticking to the burn.

No lotions or ointments

Don’t break blisters

Cover area with a non sterile adhesive dressing and then bandage area

If burn to infant call medlink

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17
Q

Ice burn

Treatment?

A

Same as normal except no need to cool the burn

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18
Q

Deep burn (3rd degree)

Treatment?

A

Treat as normal burn as well as:

Treat for shock

Apply paraffin gauze (jelonet) then bandage

Call medlink

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19
Q

Choking

Signs and symptoms?

A

Difficulty in breathing

Unable to speak

May be gripping the throat

Congestion of face and neck with veins becoming prominent

Lips turn blue eventually

Possible unconsciousness

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20
Q

Choking

Treatment?

A

Cough

Remove obstructions

Five slaps to the back

Five abdominal thrusts

Repeat five slaps and ten five thrusts till better

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21
Q

Abdominal pain

Signs and symptoms?

A

Pain in the abdomen

May vomit

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22
Q

Choking for pregnant woman or obese person

Treatment?

A

Hands on breastbone above where lower ribs join.

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23
Q

Choking for consciousness infant (below 1 year old)

Treatment?

A

Lay infant on forearm supporting infants cheat an chin.

Five back slaps with heel of hand between shoulder blades.

Check for obstruction

If not successful five cheat trusts using two fingers one fingers width below nipple line.

Repeat slap and thrust.

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24
Q

Choking for unconscious person

Treatment?

A

Place on hard floor

Check obstruction and remove if seen

Check breathing for ten seconds

If not breathing:

Give 30 compressions

Check airway for obstruction

Two ventilations

Repeat till airway is clear.

If airway clear but pax remains unconscious place in recovery position.

Is airway clear but no breathing start CPR

call medlink

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25
Q

Deep vein thrombosis

Signs and symptoms?

A

Swelling of the calf

Pain or tenderness in the leg

Redness of the affected leg

Some people may not find out that they have DVT until pulmonary embolism and occurs. in addition to the above the symptoms include:

Chest pain when taking a deep breath

Shortness of breath

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26
Q

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Treatment?

A

Raise leg at least 6 inches

Loosen tight clothing

If pulmonary embolism occurs give oxygen

Monitor breathing and pulse

Cool medlink

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27
Q

How to prevent deep vein thrombosis?

A

In courage passengers to carry out in seed exercises as illustrated in the discovery magazine and the in-flight health video

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28
Q

Diabetes (hypoglycaemia) lack of sugar

Signs and symptoms

A

Cassity recognises the onset of an attack

Feels weak and faint

Possible hunger

Muscle tremors

May appear confused

Sweating

Looks pale

Skin feels cold and clammy

Is stronger than normal pulse

Shallow breathing

Possible unconsciousness may develop

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29
Q

Hypoglycaemia

Treatment?

A

Help casualty to sit on I down and give him sugary substance

If improves give more sweet food or drink and let rest until fully recovered

If worse call medlink

Monitor breathing and pulse

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30
Q

Diabetes (hyperglycaemia) too much sugar

Signs and symptoms?

A

Dry skin

Rapid pulse

Deep breathing

Breath smells faintly like nail varnish

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31
Q

Hyperglycaemia

Treatment?

A

Make casualty comfortable as possible

Call medlink

Monitor breathing and pulse

If unsure which type of diabetes packs is suffering from treat for two little sugar the amount of sugar given Will not worsen the condition

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32
Q

Ear pain

Treatment?

A

Chew gum

Suck sweet

Swallow with mouth wide open

Pop ears

Still complains of a pain contact medlink.

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33
Q

Emergency childbirth (stage 1)

Signs and symptoms?

A

Contractions every half an hour.

Water may break at this stage

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34
Q

Emergency childbirth (stage 1)

Treatment?

A

Reassure mother and make as comfortable as possible

Massage lower back

Inform captain and call medlink

Page for a medical helper

Select place on aircraft with maximum space and privacy prepare blankets pillows boiled water sanitary pads oxygen bottles biohazard kit and maternity care from the in-flight medical kit use the biohazard weights back to dispose of all souls items.

35
Q

Emergency childbirth (stage 2)

Signs and symptoms?

A

Contractions are much closer once every five minutes

The mother want to bear down

36
Q

Emergency childbirth (stage 2)

Treatment

A

Have a floor with newspapers towels blankets

Help mother into a half sitting position with legs raised

Support back and shoulders

Push with each contraction

When babies head is visible stop pushing and begin panting

Baby’s head and shoulders will appear on the baby will be expelled naturally

Support baby baby will be slippery handled carefully

If umbilical cord is wrapped around the babies net check that it is loose and very carefully pull it over the head to avoid strangulation.

Wipe away any mucus from baby’s mouth or nose

Baby should start to cry at this point if no crying check breathing carry out CPR if necessary

Baby in a clean cloth and laid across the mothers abdomen.

37
Q

Emergency childbirth (stage 3)

Signs and symptoms?

A

Mild contractions until the placenta is delivered

38
Q

Emergency childbirth (stage 3)

Treatment

A

Encourage mother to push placenta out

To not toll on the umbilical cord

Keep your centre in plastic bag for doctor to examine

Clean the mother

Gently massaged lower abdomen to help the uterus to contract and stop bleeding

39
Q

Care of mother after childbirth

A

Provide warm water clean towel and sanitary pad for mother

Keep baby and placenta package near the mother

40
Q

Care of baby after childbirth?

A

Straight away wipe away any fluid from its mouth.

Clean baby

Wrap baby up with anything soft and warm

Do not cut the umbilical cord

41
Q

Epilepsy

Signs and symptoms

A

Falls unconscious suddenly

Lets out strange cry

Becomes rigid for a few seconds with arching of the back

Breathing May stop for a short time

Lips may turn blue

Convulsive movements begin

Sure maybe clenched loss of bladder or bowel control survival they appear at the mouth blood stained if clips or tongue is bitten.

Muscles relax finally and breathing becomes normal

Regains consciousness after usually within a few minutes

May want to sleep following an epileptic fit

42
Q

Epilepsy

Treatment?

A

If possible support fall

Do not move unless in danger

Protect from hurting self by padding area around casualty

To not forcibly restrained movements

Do not put anything in mouth or try to open

And convulsions sees place on recovery position stay with him until he is completely recovered

call medlink

Note if small child has epileptic fit apply wet sponge or towel if above 38.c

43
Q

Fainting

Signs and symptoms

A

A brief loss of consciousness

Slow and weak pulse

Looks pale

Sweating

Skin is cold

44
Q

Fainting

Treatment?

A

If conscious sit down asked lean forward place head between his knees

Take deep breaths

If unconscious lay down raise legs and monitor breathing and pulse

Call medlink if pax does not recover

Do not give oxygen

45
Q

Fever

Signs and symptoms?

A

Body temperature higher than 38 or 100.4

Headache

Muscle aches

Shivering

Sweating

Lack of appetite

Dehydration

Weakness

Modern receiver is not harmful but I feel above 40.c or 104.f can be dangerous and matrical seizures in very young children

46
Q

Fever

Treatment

A

Offer paracetamol

Offer plenty of fluids

Remove extra blankets and closing so he can leave the body and help lower the body temperature

Luke warm towel applied to forehead or neck.

Ice or cold water should not be used as it may cause shivering which will raise body temperature

47
Q

Food poisoning

Signs and symptoms

A

Nausea and vomiting

Abdominal pain

Diarrhoea

Headache

Fever

Possible shock

48
Q

Food poisoning

Treatment

A

Lie down and rest

Plenty of bland fluids to drink

Treat for shock

Call Medlink if vomiting or diarrhoea become severe or persistent

49
Q

Fracture

Signs and symptoms

A

Pain or tenderness

Bruising and swelling

D formation of injured area visible broken bones

Poor blood flow in affected area

Inability to move injured area

Shock

50
Q

Fracture

Treatment

A

Do not straighten

If visible do not push back in

Control any bleeding cover the wound with a dressing and secure it with a bandage.

Use a splint to pack for closed fracture only or a triangular bandage

Offer a pain killer

Check for circulation by feeling nail bed.

Reapply bandages more loosely if necessary. Check every 10 mins

Monitor casualty particularly for any signs of shock

Call medlink

51
Q

Heart disorder angina pectoris

Signs and symptoms

A

Viselike chest pain which may spread to do your and down one or both arms pain eases with rest

Shortness of breath

Tiredness which is often sudden and extreme

Feeling of anxiety

52
Q

Angina pectoris

Treatment

A

Sit comfortably

Assist in taking medicine

Give oxygen

Encourage casualty to rest pain should ease within a few minutes

If pain persists suspect and treat for heart attack

Call medlink

53
Q

Heart attack

Signs and symptoms

A

Continuous viselike chest pain which spreads down one or both arms and does not ease with rest.

Discomfort in the abdomen may feel similar to severe indigestion

Difficulty in breathing gasping for air

Dizziness or collapse

Pale grey skin

Lips turn blue

Rapid weak and irregular pulse

Profuse sweating

Shock

Unconsciousness may develop

Breathing and heartbeat may stop

54
Q

Heart attack

Treatment

A

Treat on spot

Make comfortable in half sitting position

Assist in taking medicine

Loosen tight clothing

Give oxygen

Use AED

treat shock

If unconscious with breathing put in the recovery position

If not breathing normally start CPR

Call medlink

55
Q

Hyperventilation

Signs and symptoms

A

Over breathing (deep as fast)

Dizziness

Tingling sensation in the hands

Muscle spasm in hands and feet

No apparent change in skin colour

56
Q

Hyperventilation

Treatment

A

Reassure casualty

Breath slowly

If persists use paper bag

If casual tea insists on using oxygen give oxygen but term term bottle off

Call medlink

57
Q

Hypoxia

Signs and symptoms

A

Headache and dizziness

Rapid distress breathing and gasping

Fatigue

Blueish discolouration of the skin

58
Q

Hypoxia

Treatment

A

Give oxygen

Loosen tight clothing

Call medlink

59
Q

Miscarriage

Signs and symptoms

A

Cramp like pain in her lower abdomen

Vaginal bleeding

Shock

Loss of fetus

60
Q

Miscarriage

Treatment

A

Reassure mother place her in half sitting position

Do you sanitary pad or clean towel to use

Check and record pulse and breathing rate

Keep any expelled material for medical inspection out of another sight if possible

Do you have oxygen by disposable masks if necessary

Keep mother warm.

Call medlink

61
Q

Needle stick injury

Treatment

A

Encourage blood by squeezing edges of wooded area wash with soap and running water consult Dr soon as possible

62
Q

Nose bleeding

Treatment

A

Sitdown head forward

Pinch soft part of nose

Do not lean back

Breath through mouth

Don’t speak, swallow, cough or sniff

Spit out any blood from mouth

Apply cold compress to bridge of nose

Release at ten mins intervals till stops

This continues beyond 30 minutes contact medlink

63
Q

Shock

Signs and symptoms

A

Rapid and shallow breathing

Pulse rate increases but is weak and irregular

Pale grey skin

Lips turn blue

Weakness and dizziness

Restless and anxious

Nausea and possible vomiting

Sweating and col clammy skin

Thirsty

Finally heart may stop

64
Q

Shock

Treatment

A

Treat any obvious cause of shock if possible example external bleeding

Like I shall see down ways of support legs to improve blood supply is a vital organs

Loosen tight clothing

Keep casual warm

Do not give anything to eat or drink

If thirsty moisten lips with water

If unconscious with breathing place in recovery position

CPR AED are needed if there is no breathing

Monitor him breathing and pulse

Call medlink

65
Q

Smoke or fumes exposure

Signs and symptoms

A

Irritation eyes nose and throat

Difficulty in breathing

Coughing

Burning sensation around nose or mouth

Unconsciousness may develop

Breathing and heart beat may stop

66
Q

Smoke or fumes exposure

Treatment

A

Remove casualty from areas of smoke or fumes

Give oxygen

If unconscious with breathing putting recovery position

CPR and AED are needed if no breathing

Call medlink

67
Q

Spinal injury

Signs and symptoms

A

Possible pain or tenderness in The neck or back

Numbness or weakness in legs and arms difficulty in moving limbs

Loss of sensation in areas below injured area

Difficulty in breathing

Irregularity in the normal curve of the spine

68
Q

Spinal injury

Treatment

A

If possible do not move pax from where u found them

Check where casualty has loss of movement to determine severity

Get helper and Keep head aligned with neck and spine

Use thick padding such as blankets coats on either side of his head to support it

Call medlink

69
Q

Strains and sprains

Signs and symptoms

A

Pain or tenderness

Bruising and swelling

Inability to move or pain when moving injured area

70
Q

Strains and sprains

Treatment

A

Set in comfortable position raise and support affected area.

Use cold compress on affected area for about 15 minutes

Apply even pressure on the affected area by surrounding the area with soft padding secured with a bandage

Raise and support the injured limb to reduce blood flow to the injury

Check circulation and reapply bandage more loosely necessary check again every 10 minutes

71
Q

Stroke

Signs an symptoms

A

Sudden severe headache

May be confused and anxious

Possible paralysis on one side or both sides of the body dribbling from the mouth slurred speech bus of bladder or bowel control

Unconsciousness may develop

Breathing and heartbeat may stop

72
Q

Stroke

Treatment

A

Place casualty down with head and shoulder slightly raised turn head to one side place towel or cloth to absorb dribble.

Loosen tight clothing

To not give anything to eat or drink

Monitor breathing and pulse

If unconscious with breathing put in the recovery position

Apply CPR and AED if no breathing

Call medlink

73
Q

Hyperventilation

What not to do anymore?

A

Give paper bag as it may aggravate a more serious illness.

74
Q

Hysterical attack

What is it?

A

Hysteria is a subconscious condition caused by psychological stress

75
Q

Hysterical attack

Signs and symptoms

A

Attention seeking

Loss of control of behaviour

If unconscious, it can be distinguished from other attacks by following:

Face does not change colour

Person will resist any attempt to open eyes

Usually falls on something soft,will not usually hit head or bite tongue

Seldom occurs unless person present

76
Q

Hysterical attack treatment?

A

Take pax to less observed area.

Do not give more attention than necessary

77
Q

Poisoning

Signs and symptoms

A

A conscious casualty or an onlooker may tell you poisoning has occurred

Feels unwell, nausea, vomiting

Cramping abdominal pain

Diarrhoea, possibly blood stained

Possible shock

External features such as suspect drug container or alcohol bottles may be clues

Possible unconsciousness

78
Q

Poisoning

Treatment

A

Open airway and monitor breathing and pulse

Put pax in recovery position

If chemical on skin- flush away any residual chemical on the skin with plenty of cold water

If swallowed poison drug or food- do not induce vomiting as this may do further harm.

Maintain open airway, breathing and circulation and try identifying poison.

Food poisoning- plenty bland fluids

For drug poisoning- keep airway clear and recovery position

Call medlink if vomiting or diarrhoea become severe.

79
Q

Infectious disease

When to expect?

A

Temperature over 38.c or 100.4.F

And one or more of the following:

Obviously unwell
Persistent couching
Breathing difficulties 
Persistent bloody diarrhoea 
Persistent vomiting 
Skin rash
Bruising or bleeding without injury
Severe headache
Joint and muscle pain
80
Q

Head injury signs & symptoms

A

Confusion, lose of memory

Wound on scalp

Clear liquid or watery blood flowing from ears & nose

Dropping one side of face

Dizziness & nausea

Mild headache

Unequal pupil size

81
Q

Neck & back injury

Signs & symptoms

A

Pain and tenderness in neck and back

Numbness in legs and arms

Difficulty moving limbs

Loss sensation below affected area

Irregularity in the curve of the spine

Difficulty in breathing

82
Q

Head injury

Treatment?

A

Reclining position with head slightly raised

Keep warm

Give O2

Dress open wounds

83
Q

Neck and back injury treatment?

A

Do not move pax if possible

Determine nature and severity:

> ask to move toes
test for loss of movement
test to see they can feel your touch

Stabilise neck

Put thick padding

CX Tests (13 decks)

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