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Illnesses And Injuries Flashcards

0
Q

Shock

What are signs and symptoms

A 
Rapid and shallow breathing
Pulse rate increases but is weak and irregular. 
Pale grey skin
Lips turned blue
Weakness and dizziness
Restless and anxious
Nausea and possibly vomiting
Sweating cold and clammy skin
Thirsty
Finally the heart may stop
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1
Q

Unconsciousness

What is treatment

A 
Check level of consciousness
Ensure airway is clear
Loosen tight clothing
Treat any serious wounds or fractures
Keep casualties warm
Give oxygen if difficulty in breathing
Use a AED 
Monitor breathing and pulse
Call med link
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2
Q

Shock

what is the treatment

A

Treat any obvious cause of shock if possible example external bleeding.

Lay casualty down keep the head low raise and support the legs to improve the blood supply to the vital organs example brain heart and lungs.

Loosen tight clothing

Keep casualty warm

Do not give anything to eat or drink if he’ll she complains of thirst moisten his lips with water.

If unconscious with breathing place him in the recovery position

CPR and AED are needed if there is no breathing

Monitor breathing and pulse

Call medlink

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3
Q

Fainting

What are signs and symptoms

A

Hey brief loss of consciousness

Slow and weak pulse

Looks pale

Sweating

Scheme is cold

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4
Q

Fainting

What is the treatment

A

If the casualty is conscious sit him down asking to lean forward and place his head between his knees

Take deep breaths

If he becomes unconscious lay him down. raise his legs and monitor breathing and pulse

Call medlink if the passenger does not recover in a few minutes

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5
Q

Choking

What are the signs and symptoms

A

Difficulty in breathing

Unable to speak

May be gripping the throat

Congestion of the face and neck with veins becoming prominent

Lips turn blue eventually

Possible unconsciousness

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6
Q

Choking

What is the treatment

A

Encourage the casualty to cough. Remove any obvious obstructions from the mouth.

If unsuccessful apply five sharp and forceful backslaps. Support persons upperbody with one hand help lean the person forward. Applied backslaps between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand stop if the obstruction cleared check the mouth.

If still unsuccessful. Apply five sharp abdominal thrusts. Stand behind the casualties and make sure that the person is bending well forward. With one hand make a fist place the thumb side of the fist on the casualties upper abdomen. Grasp your fist firmly with the other hand and Pull sharply inward and upward against the abdomen.

Is still unsuccessful repeat both procedures.

For pregnant women use chest thrusts.

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7
Q

Ear pain

What is the treatment

A

Asked the casualty to chew gum suck a sweet.

If it does not ease the pain tell the casualties to swallow with his mouth wide open.

Close mouth pinch nose and blow through his nose

If casualty still complains of a pain contact medlink for advice

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8
Q

Air sickness

Sights and symptoms

A

Cold and clammy skin

Dizziness

Nausea, and possible vomiting

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9
Q

Air sickness/ motion sickness.

Treatment

A

Cold damp wash cloth

Reseat in middle aircraft to seat over front edge of wings.

Keep head still focus on distant objects.

Clear liquids

Call medlink if nausea Is present and becomes severe or persistent.

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10
Q 
Heart disorders (angina pectoris)
 Signs and symptoms?
A

Vice-like chest pain, which may spread to the jaw and down one or both arms. Pain eases with rest.

Shortness of breath

Tiredness, which is often sudden and extreme.

Feeling of anxiety.

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11
Q

Heart disorders (angina pectoris)

Treatment

A

Make casualty sit comfortably.

Assist casualty in takin his medicine if available.

Give oxygen

Encourage casualty to rest. The pain should ease within a few mins.

If pain persists, or returns suspect and treat for a heart attack.

Call medlink.

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12
Q

Heart disorders (heart attack)

Signs and symptoms

A

Continuous vice like chest pain which may spread to the jaw and down one or both arms. The pain does not ease with rest.

Discomfort in the abdomen

Difficulty in breathing gasping for air

Sudden dizziness or collapse

Pale grey skin

Lips turned blue

Rapid weak and irregular pulse

Profuse sweating

Shock

Unconsciousness may develop

Breathing and heartbeat may stop

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13
Q

Heart disorders (heart attack)

Treatment

A

Treat on the spot

Make the The casualty comfortable and in a half sitting position

Assist casualty in taking his medicine if available

Loosen tight clothing

Give oxygen

Use AED

Treat shock.

If unconscious with breathing put casualty in the Recovery position.

If not breathing normally start CPR

A few minutes of warnings- headache, dizziness, ringing in the ears, spots before eyes.

Call medlink

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14
Q

Stroke

Signs and symptoms

A

Sudden severe headache

The casualty may be confused and anxious

Depending on the seriousness of the casualty, he may have paralysis on one side or both sides of the body. May dribble. Slurred speech. Unequally displayed pupils and even loss of bladder or bowel control.

Unconsciousness may develop

Breathing and heartbeat may stop

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15
Q

Stroke

Treatment

A

Lay casualties down with his head and shoulders slightly raised. Turn his head to one side and place a towel cloth to absorb any dribble.

Loosen tight clothing

Do not give anything to eat or drink

Monitor breathing and pulse

If unconscious with breathing out casualty in the recovery position.

Apply CPR and AED if there is no breathing

Call Medlink.

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16
Q

Deep vein thrombosis

Signs and symptoms

A

Swelling of the calf

Pain or tenderness in the leg

Redness of the affected leg

If not aware they have DVT casualty may show the following signs:

Chest pain when taking a deep breath

Shortness of breath

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17
Q

Deep vein thrombosis

Treatment

A

Raised affected leg at least 6 inches to prevent the clot from enlarging and to reduce swelling.

Some tight clothing

If pulmonary embolism occurs give oxygen.

Monitor breathing and pulse

Call medlink.

Prevent this from happening encourage passenger to carry out in exercise.

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18
Q

Diabetes

Signs and symptoms

A

Feels weak and faint

Possible hunger

Muscle tremors

May appear confused

Sweating

Looks pale

Skin feels cold and clammy

Stronger than normal pulse

Shallow breathing

Possible unconsciousness may develop.

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19
Q

Diabetes

Treatment

A

Help to sit or lie down and give a sugary drink sugar lumps chocolate or other sweetened food.

If improves quickly give more sweet food or drink at rest until feels fully recovered.

Condition does not improve call medlink.

Monitor breathing and pulse

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20
Q

Needlestick injury

Treatment

A

If you use needle blade causes injury encourage bleeding by squeezing the edges of the wound area.

Wash the area with soap and running water.

Consult a doctor as Soon as possible for further treatment tests.

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21
Q

Hypoxia. (Lack of oxygen)

Signs and symptoms

A

Headache and dizziness

Rapid distressed breathing and gasping

Fatigue

Blueish discolouration of the skin.

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22
Q

Hypoxia (lack oxygen)

Treatment

A

Give oxygen

Loosen tight clothing

All medlink

23
Q

Hyperventilation (emotional over breathing)

Signs and symptoms

A

Overbreathing deep and fast

Dizziness

Tingling sensation in the hands

Muscle spasm in the hands and feet

No apparent change in skin colour

24
Hyperventilation (emotional over breathing) Treatment
Reassure the casualty Instruct the casualty to breath slowly. If the problem persists cover his mouth and nose with a paper bag and ask him to breathe slowly to allow the carbon dioxide to reach its correct level. If the casualty insists on using oxygen out on mask on without turning the bottle on. Stay with the casualty until he recovers ensure he does not turn the oxygen on himself. Call medlink
25
Asthma Signs and symptoms
Distress and anxiety Difficulty in breathing Wheezing as the casualty breves out Difficulty in speaking and whispery Grey blue skin Dry tickly cough May be exhausted Unconsciousness may develop Breathing and heartbeat may stop
26
Asthma Treatment
Reassure and calm the casualty Loosen tight clothing Ask casualty to breathe slowly and deeply Using inhaler if available If unconscious with breathing put in the recovery position CPR and AED are needed if there is no breathing. Call med link
27
Epilepsy Signs and symptoms
Casualty suddenly falls unconscious after letting out the strange cry Casualties body becomes rigid for a few seconds with arching the back Breathing May cease for a short time Lips may turn blue Convulsive movements begin Jaw maybe clenched in breathing noisy with loss of bladder or bowel control. Saliva may appear at the mouth bloodstained if lips or tongue is bitten Finally the muscles relax and breathing becomes normal Casualty regains consciousness usually within a few minutes. He may feel dazed and be unaware of his actions. The casualty may want to sleep following an epileptic fit.
28
Epilepsy Treatment
If possible support casualty or ease fall. Do not move him unless he is in danger. Protect the casualty from hurting himself by Padding area around casualty. Do not forcibly restrained his movements Do not put anything in his mouth or try to open it When the convulsions cease placing in the recovery position stay with him until he is completely recovered. Call med link
29
Fever Signs and symptoms
The temperature higher 38 Celsius 100 Headache Muscle aches Shivering Sweating Lack of appetite Dehydration Weakness Anything above 40°C can be very dangerous and may trigger seizures very young children.
30
Fever Treatment
Offer paracetamol. Medication is not always needed to lower temperature Plenty of fluids Remove extra blankets and closing so he can leave the body lower body temperature. Lukewarm tell applied to forehead or neck may help ice packs of water should not be used as it may cause shivering which races the body temperature Call medlink if fever persists after one hour
31
Nosebleed Treatment
Head well forward Pinch soft part of nose Breath through mouth Do not speak swallow cough sniff Tell casualty to spit out any blood from mouth Let's go after 10 minutes keep breathing through mouth If keeps bleeding Carrie procedure for next 30 minutes Call med link if continues
32
External bleeding Signs and symptoms
Evidence Feels faint giddy Looks pale Skin feels cold and clammy Pulse is rapid but week Thirsty Restless and talkative Breathing becomes shallower sometimes accompanied by yawning and air hunger. Shock me develop Possible unconsciousness
33
External bleeding Treatment
Check foreign object or fracture at the sight of the wound. There is no foreign object or fracture scene apply direct pressure on the wound using a clean dressing to try to stop the bleeding. If unable to use direct pressure example leading with fracture with large embedded foreign object then use indirect pressure. Indirect pressure should not be applied for more than 10 minutes at a time. Release for a few seconds every 5 to 10 minutes to allow circulation. If possible raise the injured party higher than the heart. Treat for shock When bleeding stops or slows down apply further dressing. Tiny phone objects stuck in the skin such as broken glass wooden splinter can usually be successfully be removed with tweezers. Never remove objects that are embedded within the wound.
34
Internal bleeding Signs and symptoms
Looks pale Skin feels cold and clammy Pulse is rapid but the weak. Pain Swelling and tension may be seen or felt Thirsty Shock may develop The absence of obvious blood loss or bleeding from offices. Confusion restlessness possibly leading to collapse and unconsciousness.
35
Internal bleeding Treatment
Lay casualty down instruct him not to move Reassure casualties and explain the necessity to relax. Raise legs to allow more blood supply to vital organs. Loosen tight clothing Keep samples of vimit and give it to emergency medical services personnel Monitor breathing and pulse Call medlink
36
Burns and scalds Treatment
Place under slow running Coldwater. Apply cold compress for about 10 minutes. Remove jewellery watches or constricting closing from injury area Cannot remove anything sticking to the burn Cannot break any blisters to avoid infection Cover area was a sterile non-adhesive dressing and then bandage the area For any burns on children please contact medlink.
37
Fracture Signs and symptoms
Pain or tenderness Bruising and swelling Deformation of injured area such as shortening of Limb or visible broken bone ends. Poor blood flow in the affected area Inability to move injured area Shock.
38
Fracture Treatment
Do not try to straighten the fractured limb If there is bone visible do not push the bone back in or touch it. Control any bleeding cover wound with addressing and secure with bandage Offer the casual tea painkiller Check circulation by feeling skin and checking colour of nail bed reapplied bandages more loosely if necessary check every 10 minutes Monitor the casualty particularly for any signs of shock. Call medlink
39
Final injury Signs and symptoms
Possible pain or tenderness in Nickelback Numbness or weakness in legs arms and difficulty in moving limbs Loss of sensation in areas below the injured area Irregularity in the normal curve of spine Difficulty in breathing
40
Spinal injury Treatment
If possible do not move the casualty from the position in which you found Determine the nature and severity of injury ask T to move his toes feet and legs and arms to test for loss of movement. Check if he can feel you touching his arms and legs. Stabilise casualties Nick have your help kneeling behind the casualties head and keep his head aligned with his neck and spine. Put thick padding such as Rolled up blankets coats on either side of his head to support it. Call medlink.
41
Strange and sprains Signs and symptoms
Pain or tenderness Brusing and swelling Inability to move or pain when moving injured area
42
Strains and sprains Treatment
Help casualties sitting comfortably raise and support affected area Cold compress on affected area 15 minutes Apply even pressure affected area by surrounding area with soft padding secured with bandage Raise and support the injured limb check circulation reapplied bandage more loosely if necessary check every 10 minutes.
43
Bruises Signs and symptoms
Pain swelling and skin discolouration the Bruce begins as a pinkish red, can very easily tender to touch
44
Bruises Treatment
Cold compress 15 minutes per hour. Keep raised above Rest the bruised body part If needed paracetamol Seek medical help if the swelling around the bruise especially if it occurs at a joint
45
Food poisoning Signs and symptoms
Nausea and vomiting abdominal pain diarrhoea headache fever possible shock
46
Food poisoning treatment
Help casualty lay down and rest Give plenty of Bland fluids to drink Treat for shock All med link if severe.
47
Allergic reactions Signs and symptoms
Anxiety. Red blotchy skin swelling of the face and make puffiness around the eyes impaired breathing rapid pulse
48
Allergic reactions what is the treatment
Asked passenger if they know of any allergies Treat any symptoms example itchy rash or impaired breathing Ask passenger if they have any medication to treat the allergic reaction example EpiPen Call medlink
49
Abdominal pain signs and symptoms
Pain in the abdomen may vomit
50
Abdominal pain treatment
Place person in comfortable position. Do no give pain killer food drink. Call me link if needed
51
Aircraft fuel contamination. Treatment
Remove all effected clotting. Wash affected area If eyes involved was eyes with large amounts of water.
52
Smoke and fumes exposure. Signs symptoms
``` Irritation eyes nose throat. Difficult to breath Cough Burn sensation in nose or mouth Unconsciousness may develop Breathing and heartbeat may stop ```
53
Smoke or fumes exposure | Treatment
``` Remove from affected area. Give oxygen I unconscious with breathing recovery position CPR and AED needed if no breathing Call medlink ```
54
Miscarriage Treatment
``` Reassure Clean towel Check pulse Keep expelled material for medical inspection Give oxygen if needed Keep mother warm Call med link ```
55
Blood and body fluid exposure Treatment
Eyes - wash with large amounts of water Mouth- spit out all blood rinse with water Broken skin- squeeze edges of skin wash with soap and running water. Consult doctor.
56
Actions when giving first aid?
Treat on spot Check level of consciousness Check vital signs Obtain history Obtain sighs and symptoms Diagnosis and treatment Medical support Other considerations

CX Tests (13 decks)

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