signs, symptoms of lung diseases , pneumonia Flashcards
signs of lung disease
- dyspnea, tachypnoe
- cough, sputum
- chest pain, tightness
what questions are asked when diagnosing airway disease (4)
-beginning the symptoms
-duration of sypmtoms
-history the symptoms and variability
-connection of the different signs and symptoms
when is the lung fully developed?
age 11
pathologic dyspnea, tachypnoe types
> airways obstruction
a. primer
b. secunder
primer pathologic dyspnea, tachypnoa causes
foreign body
wheezy bronchitis
asthma
secunder pathologic dyspnea, tachypnoe causes
pneumonia
pulmonary embolisation
pulmonary oedema
congenital heart disease (esp right to left shunt, pulmonary artery vascular ring pathology causes cough ) (big adneoid with post nasal drip causes continuous cough
mild asthma is it dangerous/lifethreatening?
yes because patients usually not well controlled, don’t take medications if they feel fine ;
if due to a certain cause they can end up in emergency room
questions asked about dyspnea and tachypnoe
- onset time of symptoms
- changing during the day ( asthma)
- connection with physical excercise
*feeding ( aspiration) - can be vascular ring
*position of the body
why 5 year is more vulnerable to infections?
in 5 year old child bronchus is tiny so any infection could cause production of mucus
asthma diagnosis is given at what age?
why?
5 years because have to do lung function test
they have to hold breath; difficult
new born large airways diameter normal vs croup
4 mm
2mm (x18 higher resistance)
crying newborn resistance change of big airways
x32 resistance
questions to ask when diagnosing cough, sputum
- changing during the day : night ( left heart failure ), or during
the day , in the morning - dry reflex cough foreign body , laryngitis, allergy etc ) or sputum production ( asthma, tbc,pneumonia etc
- Amount , color , quality of the sputum
-black: small particules outdoor pollution
-yellow high WBC bacterial infection
high Eo count asthma
-green : bronchiectasi s
-red: haemoptoe
yellow sputum does it indicate antibiotic treatment?
No bcz yellow indicate dead bacteria, wbc
dont give antibiotic nose drop to child
how long can cough reach in metres
2 metres
droplet move forward and down
pleuritis characteristic symtpms
changing with the movement of chest , cough , increasing when patient
change the position
Catch syndrome
short period , causing pain during deep inhalation ,
spontaneously finishing pain
Tietze syndrome
move sternum, child will have pain
costochondritis , pain in the small joints
Obese patients costal pain
9 th cost go up in deep inspiration
- remove cost, pain goes away
Shoulder pain
irritation of pleural diaphragma
precordial pain
in mediastinal diseases , pericarditis, oesophagitis, myocardial
infarction
Allergic diseases examples
- atopic dermatitis , ekzema
-allergic rhinitis
-reccurent UTI
-blockade of nose
why is family history important
because if mother has it they probably both genders have it
if father he usually passes it to sons
family history questions
-
allerg y
-
reccurent airway disease with wheezing
-
reccurent cough bronchiectasi s , tbc stb
removal of foreign body
rigid or flexible bronchoscopy
rigid
