Signs and Syndromes Flashcards
Aortic nipple
left superior intercostal vein
Air bronchogram sign
lung parenchymal consolidation
Gloved finger shadow
chronic bronchiectasis
Tail sign
indicator of Adeno CA
Pseudodiaphragmatic contour
subpulmonic effusion
Vanishing tumor
loculated effusion
Funnel or carrot shaped trachea
congenital tracheobronchial stenosis
Scimitar syndrome
hypogenetic lung with PAPVR
San Joaquin Valley Fever
coccidiomycosis
Noonan’s syndrome
lymphangiectasia in intestine + pulmonary abnormality
Lemierre’ssyndrome
pneumonia 2’ to Fusobacterium or Bacteroides
Snowstorm appearance of the lungs
military TB
Air crescent sign
pulmonary aspergillosis (also in mucormycosis and echinococcus)
CREST syndrome
complete cartilage rings
Moon sign
echinococcus
Caplan’ syndrome
lesions in patients with RA + coalworker’s pneumoconiosis
Sicca syndrome
1’ Sjogrens syndrome
Bornholm’s disease
pleurodynia 2’coxsackie virus
Churg Strauss syndrome
allergic granulomatosis
Atypica lmeasles syndrome
1’ pneumonia + LADP
Loffler’s syndrome
fleeting pneumonia (consolidation with eosinophilia)
Progressive systemic sclerosis
esophageal air + reticulonodular pneumonia
Goodpasteur’s syndrome
hemoptysis with hematuria + glomerulonephritis
Rockymountain spotted fever
Ricketsia ricketsii
Q fever
Coxiella burnetti
Bronchus sign
patent bronchus leading to a peripheral nodule (most often associated with Adeno CA)
Tropical eosinophilia
W. bancrofti
Pancoast syndrome
neoplasm with pain in arm + lung apical neoplasm (with bone destruction + Horner’s syndrome)
Bird fancier’s lung
extrinsic allergic alveolitis
SVC syndrome
facial edema, neck and UE, distended neck/arm veins, HA/dizziness
Carney’s triad
pulmonary chondromas, gastric epithelial leiomyosarcoma and extradural paraganglioma
Westermark’s sign
local oligemia
Knuckle sign
completely terminating vessel in thromboembolism
Hampton’s hump
pulmonary infarction
Melting ice cube sign
pulmonary infarct resolution
Homan’s sign
pain on foot dorsiflexion 2’ to DVT
Shaw’s disease
bauxite pneumoconiosis
Wacker’s triad
high LDH, n SGOT, high serum bilirubin (embolism vs MI vs pneumonia)
Target sign
central loose body in cavities in pulmonary septic embolism
Mendelson’s syndrome
aspiration of gastric liquid contents
Hughs-Stovin syndrome
aneurysms of small and large pulmonary artery and thrombosis of peripheral veins and duralsinuses
Café coronary syndrome
commonest cause of food aspiration and lodgement to the larynx
Emotional laryngeal wheezing syndrome
caused by expiratory glottic narrowing
Saber sheath trachea
coronal diameter greater sagittal diameter; associated with COPD
Reactive airway dysfunction syndrome (RADS)
severe bronchial injury with narrowing and hyperresponsiveness in workers exposed to certain gases/smoke
Stripe sign
in asthma; rim of normal perfusion in the cortex, alternating with contiguous zones of hypoperfusion ( excludes thromembolic disease as the cause of oligemia)
Thesaurosis
hairspray inhalation
Cotton candy lung
panacinar emphysema
Poland’s syndrome
absent pectoral and breast muscles, paranasal sinusitis and bronchiectasis
Young’s syndrome
infertility and sino pulmonary infection (obstructive azoospermia)
Yellow nail syndrome
yellow nail+ lympohedema + pleural effusion
Silo unloaders syndrome
organic dust fever
Right pneumonectomy syndrome
R and L posterior displacement of the mediastinum, clockwise rotation of the heart and vessels and anterior displacement of the R HT
Acute chest syndrome
fever, chest pain and leukocytosis in homozygous sickle cell anemia
Ring around the artery sign
pneumomediastinum
Borneville’s syndrome (tuberous sclerosis)
mental retardation, seizure adenoma sebaceum
Lofgren’s syndrome
sarcoidosis + erythema nodosum
Meigs Salmon syndrome
ovarian neoplasm with pleural effusion
Dressler’s syndrome
postcardiotiomy or post MI syndrome (fever, chest pain, pericardial/pleural effusion)
Hamman’s sign
pneumomedioastinum/pneumothorax (left)
Castleman’s disease
giant LN hyperplasia
Sail sign
normal thymus
Juxtaphrenic peak sign
indirect sign of upper lobe collapse
Ivemark’s syndrome
bilateral 3-lobed lung and asplenia with situs inversus
Wave sign
normal thymus indented by ribs
Spinnaker sign
pneumomediastinum
Four artery sign
double aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery (vascular ring)
Shaggy heart
pertussis (not specific)
Tree-in-bud-sign
post 1’ TB
CT halo sign
early invasive aspergillosis
Crescent sign/ Monod’s sign
fungus wall
Water lily/Camalote/iceberg sign
echinococcus (hydatid disease)
Williams Campbell syndrome
disorder of cartilage deficiency
Napkin ring
complete cartilage rings
Vanishing lung syndrome
giant bullous emphysema
Caplan’s syndrome
pneumoconiosis + RA
Labrador lung
pneumoconiosis 2’ to iron ore containing silica and asbestosis
Cotton mill fever
byssinosis
Farmer’s lung or thresher’s lung
2’ to moldy hay/grain in closed area
Bird’s breeder lung or bird’s handler’s lung
hypersensitivity to antigens in feathers, serum and feces
Westermark’s sign
hyperlucent area 2’ to oligemia
Feeding vessel sign
pulmonary vessel leading to a nodule 2’ to pulmonary emboli (on CT)
Acute chest syndrome
patients with sickle cell disease with fever, cough, hypoxia, chest pain and infiltrates on CXR/CT without infection on blood/sputum
Fat embolism syndrome
fat entry into venous system/ traumatic release of fat from sites of injury directly to the venous system
CT angiogram sign
enhancing branching vessel in area of low attenuation consolidation most often seen in mucin producing BAC
Air bronchogram/open bronchus sign
seen in the pneumonic and focal form of CA
Golden’s sign
bronchogenic CA (atelectasis)
Pancoast syndrome
apical density w/ w/o rib lysis + Horner’s syndrome and pain /atrophy of the ipsilateral arm
Tail sign
linear opacity towards the pleura from the nodule (benign and malignant)
Beaded septum sign
lymphangitic mets in bronchogenic CA
Upper triangle sign
R lower lobe atelectasis
Flat waist sign
L lower lobe atelectasis
Top of the knob sign
L lower lobe atelectasis
Middle lobe syndrome
chronic isolated atelectasis of the middle lobe
Comet tail or vacuum cleaner sign
round atelectasis
Loffler’s syndrome
fleeting pneumonia
Hamman-Rich syndrome
malaise, fever, cough, chest pain, DOB with eosinophilia (PIE)
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CREST syndrome
SQ calcinosis, Raynauds phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia, scleroderma
Sjogren’s syndrome
chronic inflammatory process characterized by atrophy of the salivary glands/lacrimal glands (2’ form is associated with RA)
Behcet’s syndrome
vasculitis of large and small vessels with aphthous ulcers, erythema nodosum and eye lesions
Wegener’s granulomatosis
midline lethal granuloma + necrotizing granulomatosis vasculitis
Limited Wegener’s syndrome
sparing of the kidney with disease confined to the respiratory system
Churg Strauss syndrome
pulmonary vasculitis/ neuropathy extravascular granulomas, tissues and blood eosinophilia +/- asthma
Fallen lung sign
bronchial tear (lateral and posterior displacement of lung on supine)
Collar sign
diaphragm rupture
Continuous diaphragm sign
pneumomediastinum
Pinchoff syndrome
compression of the central venous lines between clavicle and 1st rib
Twiddler’s syndrome
torsion, dislodgement and fracture of pacemaker wire 2’ to patient manipulation
Right pneumonectomy syndrome
R ward mediastinal shift and inversion of the HD 2’ to air trapping from a narrowed L bronchus
Castleman’s disease
giant LN hyperplasis
Dumbbell tumor
schwannoma, neurofibroma
Killian’s triangle
posterior aspect of the pharyngoesophageal C5-C6 (origin of the Zenker’s diverticulum)
Diaphragm sign, interface sign, displaced crus sign, bare area sign *
pleural effusion ( *more reliable)
Split pleura sign
exudative pleural effusion
Deep sulcus sign
pneumothorax
Incomplete border sign
pleural based mass
Target sign
neurofibroma
Jeune’s syndrome
asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia
Absent diaphragm sign
ruptured diaphragm
